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摘要：为探索β-葡聚糖的提取方法，本实验在借鉴已有β-葡聚糖分离技术的基础上，采用酶法辅助热水浸提方法从香菇和猴头菇中提β-葡聚糖，优化β-葡聚糖提取条件，并对其理化性质和结构进行测定。对β-葡聚糖的提取纯化工艺改进，以期提高产品收率、降低成本。首先对香菇及猴头菇使用75%乙醇75℃灭内源酶处理，同时除去一些小分子可溶性糖类；接着对固定进行酶解处理，提取菌菇中的β-葡聚糖，与此同时，考察酶解时间、酶解温度、酶解pH、加酶量以及三种酶（纤文素酶、果胶酶和木瓜蛋白酶）的复配比例对β-葡聚糖提取率的影响。采用苯酚硫酸法测定多糖含量，利用多糖含量和β-葡聚糖得率设计正交试验，通过正交试验的所得结果，得出猴头菇β-葡聚糖提取的最优方案：三种酶的复配比例为1:1:1，加酶量为1.5%，酶解pH值为5，酶解温度为65℃，酶解时间为60min；香菇β-葡聚糖提取的最优方案：三种酶的复配比例为1:1:1，加酶量为2.0%，酶解pH值为5，酶解温度为55℃，酶解时间为70min。高效液相过滤色谱法测定相对分子质量，从香菇和猴头菇相对分子量分布图可看出，猴头菇β-葡聚糖的纯度比香菇β-葡聚糖纯度相对较高；红外光谱法测定其结构，根据红外光谱分析可得知猴头菇和香菇中通过酶法辅助热水浸提提取出来的多糖是以β-葡聚糖为主的杂多糖。35086
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毕业论文关键词：香菇；猴头菇；β-葡聚糖；热水浸提法；复合酶解法；苯酚硫酸法；高效液相过滤色谱法；红外光谱法
Study on Preparation of mushrooms and Hericium beta glucan and its physicochemical properties
Abstract:In order to explore the beta glucan extraction method, the experiment in reference to the existing beta glucan separation technique based on, using enzyme assisted hot water leaching method from Lentinus edodes and Hericium erinaceus provided beta glucan and optimization of extraction conditions of beta glucan, and its physical and chemical properties and structure are to be determined. The extraction and purification of beta. Firstly, the mushroom and Hericium erinaceus using 75% ethanol 75 DEG C destroy endogenous enzyme treatment, also remove some small molecular soluble sugar; then the fixed enzyme treatment of extracting mushroom beta glucan. At the same time, the effects of enzyme solution time, hydrolysis temperature, enzyme solution pH, the composite proportion of the amount of enzyme and three enzymes (cellulase, pectinase and papain) of beta glucan extraction rate. By phenol sulfuric acid method to determine the content of polysaccharides, orthogonal design test
yield by polysaccharide content and beta glucan, through orthogonal test results, it is concluded that the hedgehog hydnum mushroom beta glucan extracted from the optimal solution: three enzyme mixture ratio of 1:1:1, enzyme dosage is 1.5% enzymatic hydrolysis, pH value is 5, enzymolysis temperature is 65 DEG C, enzymolysis time was 60min; mushroom beta glucan extracted optimal scheme: the composite proportion of the three enzymes was 1:1:1, enzyme dosage is 2.0%, enzyme solution pH 5, enzymolysis temperature is 55 DEG, enzymolysis time for 70 minutes. High performance liquid phase filtration chromatography determination of relative molecular mass, from Lentinus edodes and Hericium erinaceus relative molecular weight distribution diagram can be seen, hedgehog hydnum mushroom beta glucan purity than the mushroom and the purity of the beta glucan is relatively high; infrared spectrometry determination of the structure, based on the infrared spectrum analysis can learn that Hericium erinaceus and Lentinus edodes by enzyme assisted hot water extraction to extract polysaccharide is based on beta glucan polysaccharide.
Key Words:Lentinus edodes; Hericium erinaceus; beta glucan; hot water extraction; enzymatichydrolysis;phenol-sulfuric acid method;high performance liquid phase filtration chromatography; infrared spectroscopy method