水力旋流器分离过程的数值模拟研究

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摘要:水力旋流器的工作原理是使用离心力的作用来分离固体颗粒和液体，其结构简单、掌握起来方便、较高的分离效率。普遍应用于煤油产业、选矿、医辽、环境保护和食用食材等众多工业下。水力旋流器结构相对简单，但是内部流场活动却比较复杂，有较高的设计操作和精却度。在考虑水力旋流器分离过程多相流流场的规律时，设计的关键是掌握设备的相关参数与流场分布的关系。

本文在研究流体力学的基础上，对水力旋流器内液相流场进行数值模拟研究。建立旋流器流场的湍流描述，使用RNG k-ε模型、混合模型、QUICK 格式、PRESTO 格式的压力插补格式、以及SIMPLEC 算法进行求解，对D150旋流器内液相流场进行了数值模拟，进行参数分析，考察操作参数（不同的处理量）对旋流器分离性能的影响。52706

使用所创建的CFD模型，研究了旋流器的内部流场的构成和发展过程，获得了旋流器内速度场与压力场的分布规律，发现当旋流器进口速度的变大，切向速度也会增加。入口度速的变化改变了轴向速度的大小，但不改变速度的分布规律。上行流速度逐渐增加，说明旋流器进口流速所具有的动能更多的转化成了流体所具有的轴向速度。径向速度变化不明显。静压的总体趋势都是在轴心附近的压力达到最小值，越靠近器壁其压力越大，但是在Z1截面即筒体部分的截面处中心部分的压力变化越发的明显。动压只有在旋流器的筒体部分是先增加再减少呈现抛物线状，其余部分都和总压变化趋势一样。

毕业论文关键字：水力旋流器；固液分离；数值模拟；CFD

Numerical simulation and Research of the Separation Process in the Hydrocyclone

Abstract：Hydrocyclone is a kind of the use of centrifugal force greater than gravity to achieve the effect of discrete efficient separation equipment, its structure is simple, convenient, high separation efficiency.Widely applied in kerosene industry, mineral processing, medical , environmental protection and food ingredients, and many other

industries.Hydrocyclone structure is simple,but it is more complex,theinternal flow field activities have higher design and fine degree of operation.Considering the hydrocyclone separation process flow field of the law of multiphase flow, the design is the key to grasp equipment related parameters and flow field distribution of the relationship.

In this paper, on the basis of the study of fluid mechanics, the liquid inside the hydrocyclone flow field numerical simulation study.Description of turbulence in the flow field, establish hydrocyclone using RNG k - ɛ epsilon model, hybrid model, the QUICK format, PRESTO format of pressure are applied to solve the interpolation format and SIMPLEC algorithm for D150 liquid flow field in the cyclone is simulated, parameter analysis, makes a research on the operating parameters of the capacity of (different) cyclone separation performance impact.

Using the established mathematical model of the flow field of cyclone formation and development process, the velocity field and pressure field in the cyclone of distribution, found the cyclone with the increase of inlet velocity, tangential velocity increased.Entrance to the degree of speed change is to change the size of the axial velocity, but don't change the speed distribution.Upward flow rate increase gradually, the cyclone to import more into velocity is the kinetic energy of the fluid of axial velocity.The radial velocity variation is not obvious.Static overall trends are near the axis of the pressure to achieve the minimum value, the closer to the wall the pressure, the greater the cylinder part but in Z1 section of the central part of the cross-section of the pressure change more obvious.Dynamic pressure only in the cyclone cylinder part is the first increase then decrease of parabolic, the rest are the same as total pressure change trend.Cyclone the change trend of total pressure is the pressure in the basic symmetric distribution center, in phase axial position, by the wall to the center axis, the radial pressure gradually reduced.