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摘要据统计，全世界每年有 20% 左右的肉制品损失于各种腐败变质。这不仅导致经济上的损失，更危及消费者的健康。其中微生物污染是导致肉制品腐败变质主要原因之一。本论文以杭白芍为材料，通过杭白芍提取物对10种肉质腐败菌的抑菌活性测试，确认杭白芍提取物具有抑菌活性物质，并测试杭白芍提取物的抑菌能力，研究外界环境对杭白芍提取物的影响。
实验结果表明：杭白芍乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌、大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、腐生葡萄球菌、溶酪大球菌、荧光假单胞菌、变形杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和白色念珠菌都有显著的抑制作用。并采用药物平板稀释法研究了杭白芍乙醇提取物对十种肉制品腐败菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）（以生药量计）。结果表明杭白芍乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和藤黄微球菌的抑制作用最强，其 MIC 值为 12.5 mg/mL；对大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、腐生葡萄球菌、溶酪大球菌和荧光假单胞菌的 MIC 值为 25 mg/mL；对变形杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和白色念珠菌的 MIC 值为 50 mg/mL。最后以金黄色葡萄球菌为指示菌，研究了热处理和紫外照射处理对杭白芍乙醇提取物抑菌活性的影响。结果表明高温处理和紫外照射对杭白芍乙醇提取物的抑菌活性几乎没有影响。之后采用药物平板稀释法研究了杭白芍乙醇提取物各萃取相对金黄色葡萄球菌和藤黄微球菌的抑菌活性。结果表明乙酸乙酯萃取物具有显著地抑菌效果，对两种菌的 MIC 值（以生药量计）均为 12.5 mg/mL，较之于未经萃取的杭白芍乙醇提取物对这两种菌 MIC 值没有变化，正丁醇萃取物抑菌活性较弱，对金黄色葡萄球菌的 MIC 值为 50 mg/mL，对藤黄微球菌的 MIC 值为 100 mg/mL；石油醚萃取物和剩余水层物质几乎没有抑菌活性。以上实验表明杭白芍乙醇提取物主要抑菌活性物质集中于乙酸乙酯萃取物中。67309
Abstract According to statistics, about 20% of meat and meat products were polluted by food spoilage every year in the world, which not only causes great economic losses, but also is extremely detrimental to human health. Previous studies showed that a major of food deterioration was caused by microbial contamination. In this work, we investigated the antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts from Paeonia lactiflora Pall.And confirmed Paeonia lactiflora Pall has significant inhibitory effects on the all tested microorganism,investigated external environment effect on the extract ethanol extracts from Paeonia lactiflora Pall.
The results showed that antibacterial screening showed that the ethanol extracts of Paeonia lactiflora Pall had strong inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli., Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Macrococcus caseolyticus，Pseudomonas fluorescens, Proteusbacillus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Monilia albican.The MIC value of Paeonia lactiflora Pall extracts to the all tested microorganism were further examined. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of Paeonia lactiflora Pall had strong inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus; the MIC of Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract to Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus were 12.5 mg/mL respectively; while the MIC of the extract to Escherichia coli., Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Macrococcus caseolyticus and Pseudomonas fluorescens were 25 mg/mL; the MIC of the extract to Proteusbacillus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis and Monilia albican were 50 mg/mL.The effects of heat treatment and UV irradiation on antibacterial activity of Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract were examined. The result showed that the antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus was stable to high temperature and UV irradiation.Then the inhibition of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water phases of Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus was further examined, and the results showed that the ethyl acetate phases had strong inhibition on the two tested microorganisms. The MIC value of Paeonia lactiflora Pall ethyl acetate phases to Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus were 12.5 mg/mL, which were similar to Paeonia lactiflora Pall ethanol extract; the MIC values of Paeonia lactiflora Pall n-butanol phases were 50 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL to Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus respectively, which were higher than Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract. While the petroleum ether phases and water phases almost had no antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. The result showed that the main antimicrobial active substances of Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract were in ethyl acetate phases.