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摘要：超级电容器通常又被称为电化学电容器，是一种新能源存储设备电池和传统电容器之间的电容。与传统的的电容器相比，超级电容器具有高功率密度的优点，环保、低成本、快速充放电、使用寿命长，因而吸引了太多的关注在许多领域，如混合动力汽车再生制动，冷发动机启动。目前科学家们关注超级电容器的主要研究都集中在电极材料上，本论文是利用化学原位氧化聚合的方法制备了聚吡咯/二氧化锰纳米复合材料，以改善二氧化锰的导电性，并通过改变复合材料的配比来合成该复合材料，获得了最佳复合材料的合成方法。利用XRD、红外、扫描电镜，对材料的物理性质进行了表征。利用循环伏安、恒流充放电考察了材料的超级电容器性质。研究结果表明，在‘FeCl3•6H2O与PPy物质的量的比例为1:1，KMnO4与MnSO4•H2O物质的量的比例为2:3’‘FeCl3•6H2O为0.045mol，PPy0.015mol，KMnO4为0.004mol，MnSO4•H2O为0.006mol’的条件下，合成的聚吡咯/二氧化锰复合材料具有最好的电容值，为204.3F/g。24084
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毕业论文关键字：氧化聚合；超级电容器；聚吡咯；比容量；电化学性能
The Improvements of Manganese Dioxide for Supercapacitor
Abstract：Supercapacitor, often called electrochemical capacitors, it is a new energy storage device capacitors between battery and conventional capacitors. Compared with traditional capacitors, supercapacitors have the advantages of high power density, environment-friendly, low cost, fast charge-discharge and long service life. They have attracted much attention in many fields such as regenerative braking in hybrid vehicles, cold engine starting. Currently scientists have focused on the electrode materials, this thesis is through using the method of chemical oxidative polymerization in situ preparation of polypyrrole/manganese dioxide nano materials, improve the conductivity of manganese dioxide, and by changing the ratio of the composite material for synthesis of the composite material,acquiring the best synthetic method of the composite material. Using XRD,ir,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),for characterizing the physical properties of materials.Using cyclic voltammograms,constant current charge and discharge for investigating the supercapacitor properties of materials.The research results show that when 'the molar ratio of FeCl3•6H2O and PPy is 1:1,the molar ratio of KMnO4 and MnSO4•H2O is 2:3''the molar of FeCl3•6H2O is 0.045 mol,PPy is 0.015 mol,KMnO4 is 0.004 mol,MnSO4•H2O is 0.006 mol'.In these conditions, synthesis of polypyrrole/manganese dioxide composite material has the best capacitance value,204.3F/g.
Keywords: Oxidation polymerization；Supercapacitor；Polypyrrole；specific capacitance；electrochemical performance
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1超级电容器的研究背景 1
1.2超级电容器的分类 2
1.2.1双电层电容器的概念及工作原理 2
1.2.2赝电容的概念及工作原理 3
1.3二氧化锰在超级电容器中的应用 3
1.3.1二氧化锰的优缺点 3
1.3.2用于超级电容器的二氧化锰的合成方法 4
1.3.3对二氧化锰基电极材料的改性研究 4
1.4导电聚合物电极材料 5
1.5本论文的主要研究内容 5
2实验部分 6
2.1实验仪器和药品 6
2.1.1实验仪器 6
2.1.2实验药品 6
2.2二氧化锰／聚吡咯纳米粒子的制备 6
2.3物理表征 7
2.3.1X射线衍射（XRD）分析 7
2.3.2傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析 7