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摘要：本论文运用DEFORM-3D V10.2 数值模拟软件对6061铝合金拔长实验过程中的应变场分布进行了数值模拟研究，得出的数据采用Origin8.0 绘图软件进行处理，得出应变场分布的规律。模拟结果表明：在拔长变形中，应变分布是不均匀的；在靠近上下表面处，由于模具表面对于工件的摩擦作用，使得工件上下表面存在难变形区，因而应变值在接近上下表面处很小；大约在工件的中心部位置，应变值达到最大；并且应变值曲线近似呈对称分布。经过铝合金坯料的拔长实验，用嵌入螺柱法和比容差法分别获取实验数据，并对数值模拟的实验数据进行验证。相比嵌入螺柱法的实验验证，比容差法操作更为容易方便，仅需一台电子分析天平，无需其他大型仪器。比容差法同样能够验证在拔长变形预测应变场分布上的科学性、准确性与可行性。通过不断地实验验证，最终设计一套最佳的比容差法对模拟结果进行验证，并得出模拟结果与实验结果基本符合。32055
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毕业论文关键词: 比容差法；数值模拟；应变场；拔长工艺；嵌入螺柱法
Study on the strain measurement and distribution of the aluminum alloy pulling deformation
Abstract ：In this paper using numerical simulation software DEFORM 3D V10.2 of 6061 aluminum alloy long pull experiment the distribution of the strain field in the process of numerical simulation research, the data using Origin8.0 drawing software for processing, it is concluded that the laws of strain field distribution. Simulation results show that in the long pull deformation, strain distribution is not uniform; In the near the top and bottom surface, due to the effect of friction of the mold for the workpiece surface, make the top and bottom surface of workpiece is difficult deformation zone, and the strain value near the top and bottom surface is small; About at the center of the workpiece position, maximum strain value; And the strain value curve approximation distribution is symmetrical. After a long pull experiment, the aluminum alloy billet with embedded stud method and specific volume difference method, respectively, to obtain experimental data, numerical simulation and the experimental data for validation. Compared with embedded stud the experimental verification of hair, volume difference method is more easy and convenient operation, and only an electronic analytical balance, no other large equipment. Same volume differential method to verify in the long pull deformation prediction strain field distribution on the scientific nature, the accuracy and feasibility. By experimental verification and final design a set of optimum volume difference method with the result of simulation verification, and it is concluded that the simulation results and the results are basically in agreement with the experiment.
Key words: Volume difference method; Numerical simulation; Strain field; Stretching process; The embedded stud
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1铝合金简介 1
1.1.1铝合金概述 1
1.1.2铝合金的牌号和分类 1
1.2 拔长工艺 3
1.2.1 坯料拔长过程中应变场的分布 3
1.2.2 拔长变形过程中的应变测量方法 4
1.3数值模拟技术在金属塑性变形过程中的应用 6
1.3.1数值模拟技术发展及应用 6
1.3.2 DEFORM-3D 软件简介 6
1.4 选题的目的和意义 6
1.5 课题研究内容 7
2 拔长工艺的数值模拟 9
2.1 Deform-3D的特点 9
2.2 Deform-3D的功能 9
2.3 模型的制作与导出 10
2.4 模拟的设定及运行 11