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摘要：玫瑰花是一种营养成分十分丰富的天然原料，除了含有丰富的多糖、氨基酸等组分外，还含有文生素C、文生素E、β-胡萝卜素等及许多与人体健康和治疗疾病有关的矿物质营养素。本研究以干玫瑰花为原料，采用浸提法提取多糖，冷凝回流法提取多酚、黄酮，使用正交试验法确定提取多糖、多酚以及黄酮的最优工艺条件。实验研究表明，提取多糖的最优条件：料液比1：35、提取温度80℃、提取时间60min，此时，多糖的提取率为0.286%；总黄酮的最优提取工艺为：料液比1：25、提取温度65℃、提取时间1h，此时，总黄酮的提取率为6.7%。玫瑰干花多酚的提取工艺，以乙醇作为溶剂，用回流提取法提取玫瑰多酚。最佳提取工艺为：料液比为1：35、提取温度为100℃、提取时间为80min。提取率为130.2mg/g。38639
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毕业论文关键词： 玫瑰；多糖；黄酮；多酚；提取
Study on the extraction of active constituents from Rose
Abstract:Rose is a kind of flowers which is full of nutrition and naturl materials. In addition to containing rich polysaccharides, amino acids and other nutration.It also contains vitamin C, vitamin E, beta carotene and many mineral nutrients which can be used as health and treatment of disease. In this study, the dried rose is used as material for experiment and solvent extraction is used to extract polysaccharids,extraction of polyphenols and flavon by reflux method , orthogonal experimental method is adopted to determine the best extraction of polysaccharides, polyphenols and flavonoids. The results showed that the best extraction of polysaccharide : ratio of material to liquid was 1:35, extraction temperature was 80 DEG C, extraction time was 60min, in this case, the highest extraction rate of polysaccharide is 0.286%; the best extracted method of total flavonoids: ratio of solid-liquid was 1:25, extraction temperature was 65 DEG C, extraction time was 1 hour, in this case, the highest extraction rate of total flavonoids was 6.7% .The extraction of polyphenols in dried rose take ethanol as solventand use reflux method to extract the polyphenols.The best extraction method was: ratio of solid-liquid was 1:35,extraction temperature was 75 DEG C,extraction time was 80min.The extraction rate is 13.02%.
KeyWords: Rose; polysaccharide; flavonoids; polyphenols; extraction
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 多糖概况 1
1.2.1 多糖的定义 1
1.2.2 多糖的功能和作用 1
1.2.3 多糖的提取方法 2
1.3 黄酮概况 3
1.3.1 黄酮的定义 3
1.3.2 黄酮的功能作用 3
1.3.3 黄酮的提取方法 4
1.4 多酚概况 5
1.4.1 多酚的定义 5
1.4.2 多酚的功能作用 5
1.4.3 多酚的提取方法 5
1.5 本研究目的和研究内容 5
2 实验材料、实验试剂及实验仪器 7
2.1 实验材料 7
2.2 实验试剂 7
2.3 实验仪器设备 7
2.4 实验方法 8
2.4.1 玫瑰花瓣中多糖的提取及其含量测定 8
2.4.2 玫瑰花瓣中多糖提取单因素试验 9
2.4.3 正交试验法确定多糖提取的最优工艺 9
2.4.4 玫瑰花瓣中总黄酮的提取及其含量测定 10
2.4.5 玫瑰花瓣中黄酮提取的单因素试验 11
2.4.6 玫瑰花瓣中黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件确定 12
2.4.7 玫瑰花瓣中多酚的提取及其含量测定 12