氧化铈-膨胀型阻燃聚甲醛的制备及性能研究

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摘要：本文通过大量实验的筛选，得出了可用于聚甲醛（POM）阻燃的几种阻燃剂：氧化铈、三聚氰胺（MEL）、聚磷酸铵（APP）、季戊四醇（PER），然后用 APP、MEL 和 PER 作为复配阻燃体系的主要成分，添加不同浓度的氧化铈作为阻燃体系助剂，首先采用正交实验的方法，得出了在 MEL、APP、PER 及氧化铈膨胀复配体系中 MEL、APP 和 PER 的最佳水平，然后在此比例的基础上，改变氧化铈的浓度，研究在不同浓度氧化铈的情况下复配体系对 POM 阻燃的效果以及力学性能的影响等。本实验主要通过拉力测试、极限氧指数（LOI）、垂直燃烧、热重测试（TG-DSC）、红外测试等进行测试与表征，实验结果显示，若添加适量 CeO2 至复配体系内可对 POM 具有极佳的阻燃效果，但并非添加氧化铈比例越高所得到的膨胀型复配体系的阻燃效果越好，正交实验结果表明体系的阻燃效果与氧化铈添加比例并没有特殊的函数关系，在膨胀复配体系质量分数为 30%，复配体系中 APP、MEL、PER 的比例为 8:4:3 时，LOI 可达到 47%，拥有最好的阻燃效果。同时，并非添加氧化铈浓度越高，阻燃效果越好，关于氧化铈浓度的实验表明，膨胀型复配体系的阻燃效果与氧化铈浓度呈先正比后反比再趋于平稳的一个函数关系，拥有一个峰值。TG 结果表明，CeO2 的加入可以提高膨胀炭层在高温时的热稳定性，增加高温时的残余物的量。适量 CeO2 的加入可改善体系的强度，但是拉伸性能则略有下降，于是采用加入增韧剂的方法提升体系的力学性能，本实验采用的增韧剂为 KH-560。结果表明，当氧化铈与 MEL、APP、PER 进行不同比例的复配后，以 0.3%含量的氧化铈复配体系添加到 POM 中，所得到的阻燃 POM 氧指数可达到 52 左右，阻燃等级达到 V-0 级，具有非常可观的应用前景。66272

毕业论文关键词：氧化铈；膨胀性阻燃体系；聚甲醛；极限氧指数

Study on Flame Retardant Poly Formaldehyde with Expanded compound flame retardant system

Abstract: In this paper, several kinds of flame retardants, such as cerium oxide, melamine (MEL), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER), which can be used for flame retardant of POM, are obtained by a large number of experiments. APP, MEL and PER as the main of the flame retardant system, adding different concentrations of cerium oxide as flame retardant system additives, the first orthogonal experiment method, obtained in the MEL, APP, PER and cerium expansion The effects of MEL, APP and PER on the POM flame retardancy and the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by changing the concentration of cerium oxide on the basis of this ratio. Wait. The experimental results show that the amount of cerium oxide is added as auxiliaries to the intumescent compound flame retardant system after tensile test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion and thermogravimetry (TG-DSC) Which can have excellent flame retardant effect on POM, but not the higher proportion of cerium oxide, the better the flame retardant effect of the intumescent compound system is obtained. The orthogonal test results show that the flame retardant effect of the system is proportional to the ratio of cerium oxide In the case of APP / MEL, PER ratio of 8: 4: 3, LOI can reach 47%, and the best flame retardant effect is achieved in the complex system. At the same time, the higher the concentration of cerium oxide is added, the better the flame retardant effect. The experiment on the concentration of cerium oxide shows that the flame retardant effect of the intumescent compound system is proportional to the concentration of cerium oxide , Has a peak. TG results show that the addition of CeO2 can improve the thermal stability of the expanded carbon layer at high temperature and increase the amount of residue at hightemperature. The addition of CeO2 can improve the strength of the system, but the tensile properties decrease slightly. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the system are improved by adding the toughening agent. The toughening agent used in this experiment is KH-560. The results show that when the cerium oxide is mixed with MEL, APP and PER in different proportions, the flame retardant POM oxygen index can reach about 52 in the POM with 0.3% cerium oxide complex system. Combustion grade to V-0 level, with a very considerable application prospects.