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摘要本文对70%阳离子度P(DMC-AM)共聚物的制备工艺进行了初步探索。以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料，采用过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠氧化还原引发体系，原料一次性加入，后续分步升温的水溶液聚合方法，以产物特征黏度和单体转化率为考察指标。初步探讨单体起始含量、引发剂含量、引发剂摩尔配比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对产物P(DMC-AM)的特征黏度值的影响，并进行了正交优化，得到了较佳工艺条件：w(单体)=58%、m(I)=0.1%、n(APS):n(RH)=3:1、m(Na4EDTA)=0.025%、引发聚合温度T1=38℃、聚合熟化温度T2=56℃、引发聚合时间t1=2h、聚合熟化时间t2=3h。得到特征黏度为6.91dL/g，单体转化率为96.00%的70%阳离子度P(DMC-AM)的胶体产物。补充了国内对70%阳离子度P(DMC-AM)研究的不足，为后续P(DMC-AM)的工艺研究奠定了良好的基础。63651
毕业论文关键词 丙烯酰胺 甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵 共聚反应 阳离子度 特征黏度 氧化还原引发剂
毕业设计说明书(论文)外文摘要
Title Preliminary Study on Synthesizing P(DMC-AM) with Cationic degree of 70%
Abstract Synthesis of P(DMC-AM) with Cationic degree of 70% was preliminary studied. Using methyl acrylyl ethyl trimethylammonium chloride(DMC) and acrylamide(AM) as materials , ammonium persulfate sodium bisulfate as initiator, aqueous solution polymerization of one stage addition of the monomers and stepwise increasing temperature was used in this research. The effects of the monomer mass percentage, initiator dosage , the ratio of the initiator, Na4EDTA dosage, reaction temperature, maturation temperature, reaction time and maturation time on the intrinsic viscosity and monomer conversion rate of P(DMC-AM) were investigated by using the intrinsic viscosity and monomer conversion rate as quantitative criterion. The product of P(DMC-AM) with cationic degree of 70% was obtained through single factor exploration and orthogonal optimization experiments. The results showed that the intrinsic viscosity of P(DMC-AM) with cationic degree of 70% could be up to 6.91dL/g and monomer conversion rate to 96.00% when the monomer mass percentage was 58%, the initiator dosage was 0.1%, the ratio of the initiator was 3:1, the Na4EDTA dosage was 0.025%, the reaction temperature was 38℃, the maturation temperature was 56℃, the reaction time was 2h and the maturation time was 3h. The lack of P(DMC-AM) with cationic degree of 70% was replenished , laying a good foundation for P(DMC-AM) technology research.
Keywords acrylamide, methyl acrylyl ethyl trimethylammonium chloride, copolymerization, cationic degree, intrinsic viscosity, reductant-oxidant
1 引言 1
2 实验基本原理 … 4
2.1 聚合反应的自由基共聚理论 4
2.2 自由基聚合反应的基元反应 4
2.3 引发剂引发机理 7
2.4 影响聚合物相对分子质量的因素 7
3 实验方案设计 … 10
3.1 方案设计…10
3.2 方案流程图…10
4 实验部分 11
4.1仪器和药品…11
4.2 实验操作…12
4.3 实验结果15
结论 … 24
致谢 … 25
参考文献26
1 引言
2 实验基本原理
根据高分子化学关于自由基聚合反应的定义，单体DMC和AM间进行的聚合反应属于连锁聚合中的自由基聚合，而且是自由基共聚反应。
2.1 聚合反应的自由基共聚理论[18]
自由基是带有未配对电子的基团，性质非常活泼，容易获得或失去一个电子而成键，是由化合物分子的共价键在外界条件的影响下分裂而成的。自由基一般都是反应的中间产物，在液态或气态时，寿命很短，浓度极低，不能单独分离出来。自由基活性也与自身结构有关，一般可归纳为共轭效应、极性因素和空间位阻效应。自由基本身不可能分解成更简单的自由基。