新型新戊二醇类单质膨胀型阻燃剂制备研究

菜单

摘要新戊二醇类膨胀型阻燃剂属于“三位一体”膨胀型阻燃剂，集炭源、酸源、气源于一体，具有高稳定性和均一性等优点。本课题用新戊二醇、三氯氧磷、苯并咪唑、苯并三氮唑等为原料，最终制得单质膨胀型阻燃剂。在合成新戊二醇磷酰氯时采用超声波技术，探讨了超声波对反应产率的影响。实验还探讨了温度、溶剂、缚酸剂对产率的影响。通过红外与核磁对中间产物和最终产物进行结构表征，从而验证其结构组成是否与目标产物一致。通过热重分析（TG/DSC）对膨胀型阻燃剂的热稳定性进行测试。通过不同配比与聚丙烯进行混炼，测定它们的氧指数、冲击强度、拉伸强度得出最佳阻燃剂的添加量。62995

毕业论文关键词膨胀型阻燃剂新戊二醇磷酰氯超声波聚丙烯

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title The study on the preparation of a novel single-component intumescent flame retardants of new neopentyl glycol

Abstract

Intumescent flame retardant of neopentyl glycol is belong to the intumescent flame of the "trinity" , to set carbon source, acid source, gas source from one, it owns the advantages of high stability and uniformity.In this topic, Neopentyl glycol, phosphorus oxychloride, benzotriazole andbenzimidazole were used as the raw material to get the single-component intumescent flame retardant .Neopentyl glycol phosphorus oxychloride, was synthesized under ultrasonic technique, the effect of ultrasonic on yield of products was studied. The effect factors on yield such as reaction temperature, solvent, acid-binding agent were studied . To examine the structure of the intermediate and the final products, FTIR spectrometer and NMR spectrometer were used here. Thermal stability of IFR was tested through TG/DSC.IFR were mixed with polypropylene in different ratio ,then their oxygen index ，impact strength and tensile strength were tested. Finally the optimal additive amount of flame retardant was obtained.

Keywords intumescent flame retardant neopentyl glycol ultrasound polypropylene

1 绪论 1

1.1 选题背景 1

1.2 膨胀型阻燃剂 1

1.3 阻燃机理 3

2 新戊二醇单质膨胀阻燃剂的制备 5

2.1 新戊二醇磷酰氯的制备研究 5

2.2 3-（5，5-二甲基-1,3-二氧-2-磷环己基磷酰基）苯并咪唑的制备 12

2.3 3-（5，5-二甲基-1,3-二氧-2-磷环己基磷酰基）苯并三氮唑的制备 16

3 新型单质膨胀型阻燃剂性能研究 21

3.1 热重分析（TG/DSC） 21

3.2 膨胀性能测试 23

4 新型膨胀阻燃剂在聚丙烯中的应用 24

4.1 概述 24

4.2 实验部分 24

4.3 阻燃性能测试 25

4.4 测试性能小结 26

结论 27

致谢 28

参考文献 29

1 绪论

1.1 选题背景

近些年来，特大火灾时有发生，造成的悲剧也不断刺激着公众的神经。据报道，就2010年，全国发生火灾约13.2万起，死亡1000多人，受伤500多人，造成财产损失高达17.7亿元左右[1]。纵观全球，火灾形势依然不容乐观，就世界第一强国美国，全年因火灾死亡人数在4000人左右，伤约2万人，经济损失以百亿计算。据初步统计，一些工业化较早的国家因为火灾，造成的损失占GDP的0.1%～0.2%[2]。经济损失是一个方面，但是火灾对环境，对大众的心里的创伤是不可估量的。