摘要:近年来,食品安全问题越来越受到人们的重视,其中地沟油问题是目前最受关注的热点之一。本文综合相关文献,对地沟油的常规理化指标和部分特征成分,检测分析了地沟油的酸价、水分含量、盐分含量、氮含量四项指标,结果远远偏离正常食用油范围;还采用了电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对其进行检测,在油样中发现Fe、Pb、Cr、Zn、Mn 的含量明显超过食用油;此外,还通过质谱分析检测了地沟油的化合物组成及结构特点。最后,对地沟油的资源化利用方法进行综述,并对不同方法进行了评价。60524
毕业论文关键字:地沟油,ICP-MS,质谱分析,资源化利用
Abstract:In recent years, food safety issues more and more people's attention, where waste oil is one of the most talked about hot spots. This paper relevant literature, physical and chemical indicators of conventional cooking oil and some characteristic components, detection and analysis of the acid value, moisture content, salt content, the nitrogen content of the four indicators of waste oil, the result is much deviation from the normal range of edible oil; also used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detects it and found oil sample Fe, Pb, Cr, Zn, Mn content significantly more than oil; compound addition, detection by mass spectrometry analysis of the composition of the waste oil and structural features. Finally, methods for the utilization of waste oil were reviewed, and the different methods were evaluated.
Keywords: waste oil, icp-ms, mass spectrometry, utilization
1 前言 3
1.1 地沟油的来源 3
1.2 地沟油的危害 3
1.3 课题意义 3
2 地沟油的组分检测分析 4
2.1 地沟油的感官鉴定 4
2.2 地沟油的物性分析 5
2.2.1 地沟油酸度的检测和分析 5
2.2.2 地沟油中水分的测定 6
2.2.3 地沟油中盐分的测定 7
2.2.4 地沟油中氮含量的测定 10
3 质谱分析地沟油组分 11
3.1 波谱检测技术 11
3.1.1 原子吸收光谱法 11
3.1.2 同步荧光猝灭法 11
3.2 色谱检测技术 11
3.2.1 气相色谱检测法 11
3.2.2 离子色谱法 12
3.2.3 高效液相色谱法 12
4 地沟油的资源化利用方案及评价 12
4.1 生物柴油的生产方法 13
4.1.1 酸催化法 13
4.1.2 碱催化法 15
4.1.3 酶催化法 17
4.1.5 催化裂解法 17
4.1.6 小结 20
结论 22
参考文献 23
致谢 24
1 前言
1.1 地沟油的来源