摘要:本设计的工艺路线是以柠檬酸、正丁醇、醋酸酐为原料,氨基磺酸为催化剂生产无毒增塑剂乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯。分为酯化、脱醇、乙酰化、脱酸、中和及分离、水洗及分离和干燥及脱色等7个工序,经物料衡算、热量衡算等,确定每个阶段进出物料量,并由此确定消耗额,同时进行了设备选择、管道设计。此设计方案,克服了以往生产工艺周期长、转化率低、反应物后处理复杂、硫酸腐蚀设备等缺点,且乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的总收率较高。59413
毕业论文关键词:增塑剂,柠檬酸三丁酯,乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯,工艺
ABSTRACT:The design of the process route is based on citric acid, n-butanol, acetic anhydride as raw materials, production of non-toxic amino acid as catalyst plasticizer ATBC. Divided esterification, alcohol, acetylation, deacidification, seven step neutralization and separation, washing and separating and drying and bleaching, etc., by material balance, heat balance, etc., to determine the amount of material in and out of each stage, and thereby determining the amount of consumption, at the same time the equipment selection, pipeline design. This design, production technology to overcome the long period in the past, conversion rate, the reaction was a complex process, sulfuric acid corrosion of equipment and other shortcomings, and acetyl tributyl citrate higher total yield.
Keywords:plasticizer, Tributyl citrate esters, Acetyl Tri-n-Butyl Citrate, process
1 引言 3
2 物料及能量衡算 4
2.1 基本工艺过程 4
2.2 工艺数据 5
2.3 物料衡算 7
2.4 各个工序物料衡算 8
2.5 总物料平衡 15
2.6 能量衡算 15
3 设备设计 24
3.1 正丁醇原料贮槽 24
3.2 酯化阶段 25
3.3 正丁醇输送泵 26
3.4 废水贮罐 26
3.5 脱醇阶段 26
3.6 正丁醇回收罐 34
3.7 乙酰化阶段 34
3.8 脱酸阶段 35
3.9 乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯计量罐 40
3.10 成品ATBC贮罐 40
结论 41
参考文献 42
致谢 43
附录1 44
附录2 45
1 引言
乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的学名:2-乙酰基-丙烷-1,2,3-三羟酸丁酯,英文名称Acetyl Tri-n-Butyl Citrate, 简称:ATBC,分子式:C20H34O8,分子量:402.472,为无色或微黄色油状液体,相对密度1.046(25℃),粘度:0.0427Pa·s(25℃),凝固点:-80℃,沸点:173℃(133.3Pa)、343℃(101324.72Pa),闪点(开杯法):20℃,折射率:1.4408(25.5℃),挥发速度:0.000009g/(cm2·h)(105℃),水解速度<0.1%(100℃,6h)[1]。在水中溶解度<0.002g/100cm3(25℃),溶解于多数有机溶剂,与多种纤维素、乙烯基树脂、氯化橡胶等相溶,也与醋酸纤维素、醋酸丁酯纤维素部分相溶[2]。