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摘要本文采用机械球磨法批量制备了纳米CuO，用XRD，SEM，TEM等对制备的纳米CuO进行表征，发现所制备的纳米CuO颗粒粒径约在17 nm，且分布均匀，形状均一，并研究了纳米CuO对高氯酸铵（AP）的催化效果，结果表明纳米CuO对AP有良好的催化效果，且含纳米CuO质量分数越高的AP，其高温分解峰和低温分解峰提前越明显；采用水热法，以NaOH为还原剂，利用化学还原法制备了石墨烯（RGO），结果表明该法制备的RGO热稳定性好，整体透明，有效地移除了含氧官能团，且该法无毒性，大大缩短反应时间；采用共混法制备了CuO/RGO纳米复合物并研究了其对AP的催化性能，结果表明，CuO/RGO纳米复合物对AP的催化能力比单独的RGO和纳米CuO都强。28228
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关键词 机械球磨法 纳米CuO 高氯酸铵 CuO/RGO纳米复合物 催化
毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）外文摘要
Title Preparation of CuO/RGO nanocomposites and its effects on the thermal decomposition performance of ammonium perchlorate
Abstract
In this article，nano-sided CuO have been successfully prepared in large-scale by mechanical grinding method, then were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results revealed that the nano-sized CuO is semi-spherical and homogeneous with a fairly uniform size of 17 nm and the study on the catalytic ability of the thermal decomposition of AP showed that nano-sized CuO could be a kind of effective additive for accelerating the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP).Furthermore, the more nano-sized CuO added in AP, the more clear the decomposition peak of high temperature and low temperature decomposition moved up.The graphene(RGO) was synthesized in a hydrothermal method, using NaOH as reducing agent and the transparent RGO obtained had a great thermal stability, effectively removed the oxygen-containing functional groups.This method was non-toxic and the reaction time was shorter.CuO/RGO nanocomposites were acquired through blending and research on its catalytic properties for AP indicated that the catalytic ability of CuO / RGO nanocomposites on AP were more effective than single RGO and nanosized-CuO.
Keywords mechanical grinding method nano-sided CuO AP CuO/RGO nanocomposites catalysis
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 背景介绍 1
1.2 纳米氧化铜的制备方法 2
1.2 液相法 3
1.3 石墨烯的制备制备方法 4
1.4 纳米CuO/RGO纳米复合材料的制备 5
1.5 纳米CuO和CuO/RGO纳米复合材料对AP的催化 6
1.6 本文主要研究内容 7
2 纳米CuO的批量制备及其性能研究 8
2.1 CuO的性质 8
2.2 实验试剂与分析仪器 8
2.3 实验过程 9
2.4 样品表征方法 9
2.5 实验结果与讨论 9
2.6 纳米CuO对AP热分解性能的影响 12
2.7 本章小结 16
3 石墨烯的制备 17
3.1 实验试剂与分析仪器 17
3.2 实验过程 17
3.3 样品表征方法 19
3.4 实验结果与讨论 19
3.5 NaOH还原氧化石墨（GO）制备RGO的机理 22
3.6 本章小结 23
4 CuO/RGO纳米复合物的制备及其表征 24
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