菜单
  

    CF change of the initially predicted service conditions (12), CG
    environmental actions (5), and CH accidental actions (2).
    It is concluded that the main causes of defects are included
    in categories CD and CE. Inpidually, the causes that most
    contributed to the existence of defectswere installment error CD2
    Inappropriate/incorrectly applied complementarymaterials (in 41.2%
    of the defects) and lack ofmaintenance error CE3 Exceeded service
    life of the joint/wearing material (in 35.6% of the defects). A better
    supervision action, in approvingmaterials and following the joints
    installment work, as well as a swifter action of the conservation
    pision, seem to be the aspects that can be improved to extend
    the service life of an expansion joint.
    Fig. 7 presents the distribution of the causes identified by
    category and joints type, naturally excluding joints types 11 and
    12 (not found in the sample) and 9 (no defects detected), and leads
    to the following conclusions:
     even though most of the types of joints present a distribution
    of causes by category close to the overall picture, there are
    some exceptions such as buried joints under continuous surfacing
    (JOPC), asphaltic plug joints (JBM), and nosing joints with poured
    sealant (JSME);
     in buried joints under continuous surfacing the main causes of
    defects aremostly relatedwith a deficient design and especially
    with prescription errors; deterioration of the pavement,
    characteristic of this type of defect, is very often associatedwith
    joint movements higher than those allowed by joints such as
    these;
     for asphaltic plug joints, prescription errors (joints movements
    higher than predicted) and manufacturing errors (inherent to
    joints manufactured in situ) assume important roles;
     as for nosing joints with poured sealant, lack of maintenance
    seems to be themain reason for defects; as amatter of fact, since
    they aremostly old joints (the average age of the bridgeswhere
    they are installed is 27 years), there is nowa need to replace the
    existing elastic sealant way past the end of its service life;
     as a concluding remark, older joints tend to present a greater
    proportion of causes associated with manufacturing errors,
    i.e. quality control has improved.3.5. Inspection and diagnosis methods
    The total number of potentially useful inspection and diagnosis
    methods registered was 582, averaging 1.6 methods/defect.
    Discounting direct visual observation that was used in almost
    every defect identified (99.2%), the average decreases to 0.6
    methods/defect.
    As expected, the distribution in percentage of the inspection
    and diagnosis methods identified in the sample by category (DA
    observation (67), DB acoustic techniques/noise measurement
    (4), DC geometric measurement/verification techniques (23),
    DD mechanical techniques (3), and DE (2)) reveals that visual
    observation, either direct or using amplifying equipment, is the
    watertightness and drainage verification techniques method most
    used in inspecting joints. It is also concluded that the next most
    adequate inspection and diagnosis methods for joints fall within
    category DC Geometric measurement/verification techniques.
    In Fig. 8 the distribution of the inspection and diagnosis
    methods by category and type of joints (excluding types 9, 11 and
    12) is presented, leading to a few conclusions:
     the type of joints does not have a substantial influence in
    the distribution by category of the inspection and diagnosis
    methods identified; the main exception occurs in nosing joints
    with poured sealant (JSME);
     these joints are usually inspected using observation techniques
    only due essentially to the nature of thematerials applied; if the
  1. 上一篇:机械工程英文文献和中文翻译
  2. 下一篇:塑料注塑模具设计外文文献及翻译
  1. 沥青填充式伸缩缝英文文献和中文翻译

  2. CAD/CAM/CAI集成过程的检查机...

  3. 公路桥梁英文文献和中文翻译

  4. java+mysql车辆管理系统的设计+源代码

  5. 当代大学生慈善意识研究+文献综述

  6. 十二层带中心支撑钢结构...

  7. 电站锅炉暖风器设计任务书

  8. 河岸冲刷和泥沙淤积的监测国内外研究现状

  9. 大众媒体对公共政策制定的影响

  10. 杂拟谷盗体内共生菌沃尔...

  11. 酸性水汽提装置总汽提塔设计+CAD图纸

  12. 乳业同业并购式全产业链...

  13. 中考体育项目与体育教学合理结合的研究

  

About

751论文网手机版...

主页:http://www.751com.cn

关闭返回