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摘要：本论文研究的是粉体铜及其盐的制备方法和分析方法。制备氯化铜粉体，用化学方法，把氯化亚铜氧化，得到氯化铜，再分离提取，制成氯化铜粉体。制备铜-氧化亚铜粉体用机械方法，把大颗粒的铜转化为小颗粒，再用球磨机把小颗粒的铜进一步磨碎。对铜含量分析，比较了用碘量法，EDTA法，铜铵络合物分光光度法，EDTA分光光度法对标准硫酸铜样品的分析，结果分别是97.56%，97.71%，97.67%和79.82%。通过准确性、可行性、简单快捷综合考虑，选择使用铜铵络合物分光光度法。铜铵络合物分光光度法分析氯化铜粉体中铜含量为99.69%；用原子吸收光谱法分析粉体铜盐中的杂质铁，含量为0.082%；用ICP法分析粉体铜盐中的杂质砷，含量为0.00053%。用铜铵络合物分光光度法分析铜-磷粉体样品中的铜含量，为90.60%。磷含量的分析，比较了容量法和磷钼钒黄分光光度法，结果分别是7.56%和7.40%，从简便、快捷、可靠综合考虑，选择磷钼钒黄分光光度法。铜-氧化亚铜粉体使用铜铵络合物分光光度法和容量法分析，铜含量为87.45%，氧化亚铜含量为11.89%。粉体铜样品A,B铜含量分别为96.62%，99.64%。4786
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关键词： 粉体铜；铜含量；分光光度法
The preparation and analysis of copper powder and its salts
Abstract: This paper probes into the preparation method and analysis method of copper powder and copper salt. The chemical method of producing copper chloride powder is to obtain copper chloride by oxidizing the cuprous chloride, then separating and extracting the copper chloride, thus producing the copper chloride powder. The mechanical method of producing copper-cuprous oxide powder is to transfer the large copper particle into small copper particle, further more, the ball grinding mill is used to grind the small copper particle. For analysis and comparisons of copper content, the Iodimetry, EDTA titration, copper ammonia complex spectrophotometry and EDTA spectrophotometry are all applied to make analysis on the standard copper sulfate sample, achieving the results of 97.56%, 97.71%, 97.67% and 79.82% respectively. Based on considerations of accuracy, feasibility, simpleness and convenience, the analysis method of copper ammonia complex spectrophotometry was then selected. By this kind of method, the copper content in copper chloride powder is 99.69%. Through applying the method of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), the content of iron impurity from copper salt powder is 0.082%. ICP method is applied to analyse the arsenic from copper salt powder with the content of 0.00053%. With the method of copper ammonia complex spectrophotometry applied, the content of copper from the sample of copper-phosphorus powder is 90.60%. Through the comparisons of volumetric methods and phosphorus-vanadium-molybdate-yellow spectrophotometry, the results are 7.56% and 7.40% respectively. From the perspectives of simplicity, speedy and reliability, the analysis method of phosphorus-vanadium-molybdate-yellow spectrophotometry is then selected. According to the methods of copper ammonia complex spectrophotometry and volumetric methods to analysis the copper-cuprous oxide powders, the content of copper is 87.45%, while that of cuprous oxide is 11.89%. In the sample of copper powder A and copper powder B, the content of copper are 96.62% and 99.64% respectively.
Key Words: Copper powder; Copper content; spectrophotometric method
目 录
1 引言 1
1.1 粉体铜材料 1
1.1.1 粉体铜材料主要种类 1
1.1.2 粉体铜材料的特性和用途 1
1.2 课题的目的意义与研究内容 1
2 粉体铜及其盐的制备 3
2.1 原料及试剂 3
2.2 无水氯化铜的制备 3
2.2.1 无水氯化铜的制备的反应式 3