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摘 要作为世界三大宗教之一的基督教在其数千年的历史长河里创造了灿烂的基督教文明。本文采用文本分析的方法首先介绍了基督教的起源和发展；其次从教权和王权的关系这一视角介绍了基督教在不同历史时期对英国政治的影响；然后从文学、生活方式和节日三个方面论述了基督教对英国文化所产生的影响。最后得出基督教是英国政治、文化的重要组成部分，其影响不可小觑。本研究有利于我们正确认识宗教的影响，让我们更深刻地认识到，宗教是不容忽视的一大力量。30350
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毕业论文关键词：基督教；英国；政治；文化
Abstract Christianity, as one of the three major religions in the world, has created a brilliant civilization during its thousands of years’ history. Firstly, the paper adopts the method of text analysis introduces the origin and development of Christianity. Secondly, it expounds Christianity’ influence on British politics from the relationship between magisterium and kingship in the different historical period. Then it displays Christianity’ impact on British culture from perspective of literature, festivals and lifestyles. Finally it concludes that the Christianity is an important part of British politics and culture and its impact should not be overlooked. Helpfully this study is helpful to understand the influence and power of religion.
Key words: Christianity; Britain; politics; culture
The Influence of Christianity on British Politics and Culture
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. The Influence of Christianity on British Politics 3
2.1 Anglo-Saxon Period 3
2.2 After the Norman Conquest 5
2.3 After the Reformation 7
Ⅲ. The Influence of Christianity on British Culture 9
3.1 Literature 9
3.1.1 Geoffrey Chaucer 9
3.1.2 Shakespeare 10
3.1.3 John Bunyan 11
3.2 Festival 12
3.2.1 Christmas Day 12
3.2.2 All Saints’ Day 13
3.2.3 Easter Day 13
3.3 Lifestyle..14
IV. Conclusion 15
Bibliography 17
Acknowledgements.18
I. Introduction
Christianity is a monotheistic religion, which believes Jesus is the savior. About the origin of the Christianity there are so many hypotheses. According to one Christian classic argument, Christianity originated in the Jewish society in Palestine in first Century. Its originator Jesus who was born in Palestine is a Jewish carpenter. He has been living a Jewish traditional life before 30 years of age. Roman Empire conquered the local Jewish community in 3 A.D. Under the cruel oppression of Romans, the Jews revolted many times but all failed. Roman rule was increasingly brutal, the Jews were in great pain and helplessness and then they placed their hope on religion. They awaited a savior from the kingdom of heaven to save them from the sufferings. Jesus began to preach at this time. He preached the gospel of the kingdom of heaven, advised people to repent, to turn away from doing evildoing. But what he could save was only the soul rather than the reality (Li 81). He also asked his 12 disciples to go out to help people. His words and deeds received great support of majority of people, had a broad and deep influence on society. However, Jesus claimed to be the son of God that offends the traditional Judaism which regards Jehovah the only God. The influence of Jesus also threatened the religion of Roman Empire. Jesus was arrested and crucified at Jerusalem by the government of the Roman Empire. According to the Gospels, some women who believed in Jesus, including Mary Magdalene, went to Dejesus tomb on Sunday morning, the third day after Dejesus death. Suddenly there was a great earthquake. An angel came down from heaven and rolled aside the big stone at the opening of the tomb. The angel showed the women the empty tomb, and told them to spread the news that Jesus had risen from the dead. Then Jesus appeared to several people in various places. Among these people were Mary Magdalene, Peter and two disciples who saw Jesus on the road to Emma us, and the 11 faithful disciples who met Jesus in Jerusalem and in Galilee. According to the Acts of the Apostles, Jesus stayed on earth during the next 40 days and taught his disciples. Then he rose into heaven (Li 77). Therefore, Jesus’ followers were more convinced that Jesus is the savior sent by God, Jesus’ disciples found Christian church at Jerusalem. From then on, the number of Jesus’ believer increased rapidly among the whole society. Most followers are from lower class, such as slaves, poor peasant, they preached Jesus’ doctrines actively and broadly.