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摘要：随着我国设施园艺的进步和发展，基质栽培越来越受到人们的重视。而另一边，废砖随着城市建设应运而生，给环境带来巨大压力。因此，利用废砖特有的优点，将其变废为宝，用作植物栽培的基质有着十分重要的意义。对于基质栽培而言，基质持水特性是栽培基质的重要特性之一，而持水特性的优劣主要决定于基质的理化性质。包括：基质的颗粒大小、容重、空隙特性等。其中基质的空隙特性直接影响水分和氧气含量，是最重要的理化参数之一。研究废弃砖块的持水特性特征，并进行调节至基质要求的范围，对确定废弃砖块能否用于栽培基质起着关键性的作用。本实验以废砖为研究对象，研究其持水特性，实验包括：不同颗粒粒径下容重对废砖持水特性的影响；不同颗粒粒径下基质释水性与持水特性的关系；颗粒粒径对田间持水量，饱和持水量等水分常数的影响；不同颗粒粒径下的孔隙特性对废砖持水特性的影响；草炭与废砖不同比例混合对持水特性的调节；不同颗粒粒径废砖用于兰花种植的效果。结果表明：
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1. 随着废砖颗粒粒径的增大，废砖的容重值减小，有效持水量减少。20170
2. 随着废砖颗粒粒径的增大，废砖的释水能力增大，持水能力减弱。
3. 随着废砖颗粒粒径的增大，田间持水量减少，凋萎系数增加，有效持水量增加。
4. 随着废砖颗粒粒径的增大，总孔隙度增大，其中通气孔隙度增大，进而导致持水孔隙度减小，有效持水量减少，大小孔隙比增大。
5. 0.5-5毫米的废砖与草炭1:（1-4）混合是良好的基质。
6. 相同栽培管理条件下，5-10mm的废砖更适合兰花生长。
关键字：废砖；持水特性；栽培基质；再生利用；
The analysis and adjustment of the water holding capacities for waste bricks
Abstract: With the progress and development of China's horticultural facilities, media culture has been paid more and more attention. While the other side, construction of brick scrap as the city came into being, puts enormous pressure on the environment. Therefore, by using waste tiles unique advantages to treasure it, as the matrix has a very important significance for plant cultivation. For the substrate, and substrate water holding capacity is one of the important characteristics of the substrate, and the pros and cons of water holding capacity mainly depend on physico-chemical properties of the substrate. Includes: substrate characteristics such as particle size, bulk density, void. Gap characteristics directly impact the moisture and oxygen content of the matrix, is one of the most important physico-chemical parameters. Study on waste water holding characteristics of bricks and adjusting matrix requirements scope, determine if abandoned bricks can be used for the substrate plays a key role. This experiment to waste brick for research object, research its holding waterborne, experiment including: different particles grain trail Xia capacity heavy on waste brick holding waterborne of effects; different particles grain trail Xia matrix release water capacity and holding waterborne of relationship; particles grain trail on field holding water, saturated holding water, moisture constants of effects; different particles grain trail Xia of pore characteristics on waste brick holding waterborne of effects; peat and waste brick different proportion mixed on holding waterborne of regulation; different particles grain trail waste brick for orchid planting of effect. Results showed that：
1. Increases with brick scrap particle size, bulk density values decrease of waste brick, effectively holding less water.
2. Waste brick as particle size increases, increased waste water-releasing capacity of brick, water-retention capacity.