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摘 要：以“新研芝麻王”芝麻为材料，采用水培的方法，研究了不同浓度（0、0.1、0.15、0.2、0.25、0.3g/L）的壳聚糖对渍涝胁迫下芝麻幼苗保护酶活性及膜脂过氧化的影响。结果表明，渍涝胁迫下，芝麻幼苗光合色素含量显著降低，丙二醛的含量以及抗氧化酶活性显著增加；外施壳聚糖显著提高了渍涝胁迫下幼苗叶片的光合色素含量，可溶性糖含量升高，抗氧化酶的活性也显著升高，使膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量显著降低。由此可见，外施壳聚糖可以文持细胞膜的稳定性，降低膜脂过氧化的伤害程度，从而缓解了芝麻幼苗的膜脂过氧化。壳聚糖通过促进活性氧信号泵发，活化保护酶活性，减轻膜脂过氧化损伤来提高植物对渍涝胁迫的抗性。关键字：壳聚糖；渍涝胁迫；芝麻幼苗；生长特性、生理特性9420
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Effects on the growth of sesame seedlings under waterlogging
stress of Chitosan
Abstract: with the “new grinding sesame sesame king” as material, using hydroponic method, the effects of different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3g/L) the effects of Chitosan on Sesame seedlings under waterlogging stress protective enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation. The results show that, waterlogging stress, sesame seedling photosynthetic pigment content decreased significantly, the content of MDA and the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly; application of chitosan significantly increased the seedling leaves under waterlogging stress on photosynthetic pigment content, content of soluble sugar increased, the activity of antioxidant enzymes also increased significantly, the malondialdehyde content of lipid peroxidation products significantly reduced. Thus, the stability of Exogenous Chitosan can maintain cell membrane damage, reduce membrane lipid peroxidation, thereby alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation of sesame seedlings. Chitosan by promoting active oxygen signal pump, activation of protective enzyme activity, reduce lipid peroxidation injury to improve plant resistance to waterlogging stress.
Keywords: chitosan; waterlogging stress; sesame seedlings; growth characteristics, physiological characteristics
目 录
摘 要 1
引言 2
1材料与方法 3
1.1实验材料 3
1.2处理方法 3
1.3测定项目与方法 3
1.4数据分析 3
2结果与分析 4
2.1壳聚糖对渍涝胁迫下芝麻幼苗株高和根长的影响 4
2.2壳聚糖对渍涝胁迫下芝麻幼苗鲜重和干重的影响 4
2.3 壳聚糖喷施对渍涝胁迫下芝麻幼苗叶绿素含量的影响 5
2.4 壳聚糖喷施对渍涝胁迫下芝麻幼苗叶片内MDA含量的影响 6
2.5 壳聚糖喷施对渍涝胁迫芝麻幼苗可溶性糖的影响 6
2.6 壳聚糖喷施对渍涝胁迫芝麻幼苗POD活性的影响 7
3讨论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 12
渍涝胁迫下壳聚糖对芝麻幼苗生长的影响引言
芝麻，胡麻科，是胡麻的籽种，是我国主要油料作物之一，它的种子含油量高达61%。芝麻产品具较高的应用价值，我国自古就有许多用芝麻和芝麻油制作的名特食品和美佳肴，一直著称于世。夏芝麻适宜的播期是5月下旬至6月上旬，一般愈早愈好，收获在10月中下旬。秋芝麻适宜的播期是7月上旬、中旬，在热量较好的情况下可以迟到7月下旬。芝麻原产于热带，是喜温作物，怕寒冷，怕水淹。短日照作物，一般芝麻生育期80-120天左右，其中早熟品种80天左右，中熟品种81-100天，晚熟品种100天以上。生育期又可分为播种出苗、苗期、开花、结实和成熟等五个生育时期。各生育时期持续时间，因品种、环境条件和栽培条件的不同而异。