摘要:为探讨周麦育种主要亲本的性状遗传配合力效应,筛选出较优异亲本,以自育的7个周麦为亲本,采用Griffing双列杂交法II,配制n(n-1)/2共21个杂交组合,按AD模型对5个主要农艺性状进行遗传力和配合力分析。结果表明:①亲本S7较好,有相对较低的株高和较多的穗数,穗子较长,茎秆弹性也比较好,综合5个主要农艺性状特殊配合力效应值,相对比较好的组合是S3×S6、S4×S5、S2×S7;②抽穗期性状方面,F1性状形成中亲本基因的加性效应起主导作用;株高性状方面,F1性状形成中亲本基因的加性效应和显性效应共同起作用③亲本在不同性状上的特殊配合力与一般配合力彼此独立,因此,选则一般配合力较高的亲本进行普遍测交是选育高产杂交种的一项必不可少的任务。43101
毕业论文关键词:小麦;农艺性状;杂种优势;配合力;遗传
Dominant effect on Zhoumai parents to hybrids F1 plants
Abstract: To study genetic combining ability of Zhoumai parents in main agronomic traits and selected more excellent parents for produce better hybrids, seven stable wheat lines selfed-breeding as parents, a total of 21 combinations were made according to Griffing diallel method II, the combining ability and heritability of five major agronomic traits were analyzed using AD model. As is shown in the result: ①the parents S7 is better with relatively low stem height and higher spike number and length, as well as stem elasticity, after combining the specific combining ability effect of five main agronomic traits, the preferable combinations are following: S3 × S6, S4 × S5, S2 × S7 ②As for the character in heading period, the additive effects of the parent gene played a major role in the formation of the trait of F1; And for the character in the stem height, the additive effects and dominant effects of the parental gene work together to affect the formation of the F1 trait ③The GCA and SCA effects were independent in the main quantitative characters each other, which suggested that it was essential to test cross extensively in the selection of high-yield and quality combination using the parents with higher GCA.
Key words: Wheat;Agronomic trait;Heterosis;Combining ability;Genetic
目 录
摘要 1
Abstract 1
引言 2
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 实验材料 2
1.2 方法 2
2 数据分析与处理 2
2.1 亲本及杂交组合主要参数表现情况 3
2.2 一般配合力 (GCA) 效应分析 4
2.3 特殊配合力 (SCA) 效应分析 5
2.4 群体配合力和遗传参数 6
2.5 数量性状的平均杂种优势分析 7
3 结果与讨论 8
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
周麦小麦品种对杂种F1代植株的显性效应分析
引言
于海涛等[1]对小麦新品系主要农艺性状进行遗传力和配合力分析,结果表明,株高和穗长的狭义遗传力和广义遗传力均较大,可在早代进行选择,其它性状早代选择效果不佳。配合力分析表明,株高和穗长以加性效应为主,而单株穗数以非加性效应为主。
河南省周口市农业科学院选育的系列小麦品种——周麦,在生产上由于产量高,抗性好和适应性广,因而得到大面积推广[2,3]。在新品种的杂交选育中,周麦系列品种被作为亲本之一被广泛应用,并且选育衍生出很多优良新品种。因此,研究周麦系列品种对杂交后代的遗传效应以及对杂种F1代的显性效应具有育种实践意义,对小麦杂种优势应用更是具备重要意义[4]。