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摘要：利用微波辅助提取法，通过单因素及正交试验分析料液比、乙醇浓度、微波时间、微波提取功率对小叶女贞总黄酮和皂苷提取率的影响，从而优化筛选出最佳提取工艺条件，同时测定小叶女贞果实、叶和花中总黄酮和皂苷含量及其体外抗氧化活性。结果表明，小叶女贞总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为70%乙醇、微波2 min、料液比1:25、功率为中火。此条件下，小叶女贞果实、叶和花中总黄酮的提取率分别为0.281%、1.184 %、0.704%。小叶女贞皂苷的最佳提取工艺为80%乙醇、微波2 min、料液比1:25、功率为中火。此条件下，小叶女贞果实、叶和花中皂苷的提取率分别为1.288%、1.152 %、0.728 %。小叶女贞提取液具有不同程度的抗氧化活性，其中花提取液对超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最强，叶次之，果实清除能力相对较弱；对羟自由基的清除能力则表现为花提取液对羟自由基的清除能力最强，果实次之，叶清除能力相对较弱。39413
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毕业论文关键词：小叶女贞；总黄酮；皂苷；微波提取；抗氧化活性
Study on the Extraction Technology of Total Flavonoids and Saponins from Purpus Privet and its Antioxidant Activities
Abstract: Total flavonoids and saponins was extracted by microwave-assisted extraction method from Purpus Privet. Based on the results of the single-factor test and orthogonal experiment that we can analyze the influence of the solid-liquid ratio, microwave power, extraction time and ethanol concentration about the extracted total flavonoids and saponins and optimize the best extraction conditions. The results showed that the optimum conditions of extracting total flavonoids from Purpus Privet were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:25, ethanol concentration was 70%, extraction time was 2 min, and microwave power was secondary fire. Under such conditions, the fruit yield was 0.281 %, the leaf yield was 1.184 %, the flower yield was 0.704 %. The optimum conditions of extracting saponins from Purpus Privet were as follows: the solid-liquid ratio was 1:25, ethanol concentration was 80%, extraction time was 2 min, and microwave power was secondary fire. Under such conditions, the fruit yield was 1.288%, the leaf yield was 1.152 %, the flower yield was 0.728 %. It was also found that the extracts of Purpus Privet had obvious antioxidant activities. The clearance ability of superoxide anion radical in different parts of Purpus Privet was as follows：flower>leaf>fruit. The clearance ability of hydroxyl radical in different parts of Purpus Privet was as follows：flower>fruit>leaf.
Key words：Purpus Privet; Total flavonoids; Saponins; Microwave-assisted; Antioxidant activities
目 录
摘要 1
引言 2
1 实验部分 2
1.1实验所需材料、试剂及仪器 2
1.2 提取工艺流程 3
1.3 总黄酮的含量测定 3
1.3.1 总黄酮标准曲线的绘制 3
1.3.2 总黄酮提取率的测定 3
1.4皂苷的含量测定 3
1.4.1 标准液的配制 3
1.4.2 皂苷标准曲线的绘制 3
1.4.3 皂苷提取率的测定 4
1.5 单因素及正交试验 4
1.6 小叶女贞提取液的抗氧化活性 4
1.6.1 小叶女贞提取液对（O2-•）清除活性 4
1.6.2 小叶女贞提取液对（•OH）清除活性 4
2 结果与讨论 4
2.1 单因素试验 4
2.1.1 乙醇浓度的选择 5
2.1.2 微波处理时间的选择 5
2.1.3 料液比的选择 6