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摘要：研究稻麦轮作系统下稻麦减氮对水稻产量及氮肥利用率影响，为苏南地区制定适宜施肥量提供理论依据。本试验设置稻麦常规施肥，稻麦各减氮20%、40%，共9个处理研究对水稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明，稻麦减氮对水稻产量无显著影响，并无互作效应；稻季减氮20%显著降低抽穗期剑叶SPAD值，稻麦减氮对水稻抽穗期剑叶SPAD无互作效应；稻季减氮显著降低水稻植株氮积累量，其中成熟期氮积累量分别降低12.6%、18.7%；稻季减氮提高氮回收利用率，显著增加氮肥农学利用率（8.8%，24.1%）及氮肥偏生产力（9.4%，27.3%）；而小麦季减氮对水稻氮积累量及氮利用率无显著影响。减氮对干物质积累无显著降低。因此，稻麦减氮20%-40%不影响苏南地区水稻产量。29010
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毕业论文关键字：稻麦轮作；减氮；产量；氮肥利用率
Effect of reduction nitrogen fertilizer in the rice and wheat reason on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency
Abstract:The effect of reduction nitrogen fertilizer rate in the rice and wheat reason on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied under the rice - wheat rotation system, which provided the theoretical basis for the development of suitable fertilization in southern of Jiangsu province. In this experiments, three treatments were designed at local farmers nitrogen fertilizer rate, 80% of local farmer nitrogen fertilizer rate,60% of local farmers nitrogen fertilizer rate for rice and wheat season, respectively. In rice season local farmers nitrogen fertilizer rate 300 kg/ha and 225kg/ha for wheat.The results showed that reduction 20% and 40% of conventional rate both have not significantly decrease yield in the rice and wheat season, no interaction effect. Reduction 20% of conventional rate was significantly reduced SPAD value of flag leaf at heading stage, rice and wheat reducing nitrogen ware no interaction on rice SPAD value of flag leaf at heading stage.The nitrogen accumulation in rice was decreased by 12.6% and 18.7%, respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency was increased by the rice reason of reducing 20% and 40% nitrogen rate. Agronomic use efficiency and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer were significantly increased by 8.8% and 24.1% ,9.4% and 27.3% by the rice reason of reducing 20% and 40% nitrogen rate, respectively.while that of wheat was decreased by nitrogen and nitrogen was decreased by 12.6% and 18.7%, respectively. While no significant effect on nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat season.Dry matter accumulation was no significant decrease by reducing 40% of local farmer nitrogen fertilizer rate for rice and wheat. Therefore, reduction 20%-40% fertilizer rate of rice and wheat have no significant effect on rice production in southern of Jiangsu province.
Key words: reducing N application；rice-wheat rotation system；nitrogen use efficiency；soil fertility
目录
引言 5
1材料与方法 5
1.1试验地点 5
1.2试验材料与设计 5
1.3样品采集与测定 6
1.3.1干物质的积累测定 6
1.3.2产量与产量结构的测定 6
1.3.3 地上部分氮素测定 6
1.4 计算公式 6
1.5数据分析 6
2 结果与分析 6
2.1稻麦减氮对水稻产量及产量构成的影响 6
2.2 稻麦减氮对水稻茎蘖动态的影响 7
2.3稻麦减氮对水稻SPAD的影响 8
2.4 稻麦减氮对水稻干物质积累的影响 9
2.5 稻麦减氮对水稻氮素积累及氮素利用率的影响 9
3 讨论 10
3.1 减氮对产量的影响 10
3.2 减氮对生长发育的影响 10