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摘要挥发性有机物（VOC）广泛存在于大气环境中，对环境造成污染，危害人体健康。催化焚烧是处理VOC 的有效途径之一。催化焚烧过程一般在填充催化剂的固定床反应器（即催化焚烧炉）中进行。本课题根据待处理VOC 污染气流的性质（气流流速，初始温度，初始压强，VOC 浓度），通过合理假设反应过程以及选取合适催化剂，应用相关化学动力学和热力学原理，设计了催化焚烧炉的尺寸，计算了出口气体温度。此外，应用NASA开发的热力学计算软件 CEA计算了出口气体温度；根据文献报道的催化剂床层压降公式，计算了反应器沿程压降。结果分别验证了上述设计计算的正确性和合理性。最后，讨论了设计过程中引入的假设对设计结果造成的偏差。48916
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毕业论文关键词 挥发性有机物；催化焚烧；活塞流模型；热力学计算；压降
Title Design of catalytic incinerator for volatile organic compounds(VOC) elimination Abstract Volatile Organic Compounds(VOC) are widely existed in the atmosphere, they will cause pollution to the environment and do damage to human health. Catalytic incineration is one of the effective technologies on treatment of VOC, and the incineration is usually carried out in a fixed bed reactor packed with catalyst. This graduation project is about to design a catalytic incinerator for VOC elimination off the VOC-polluted air(of which the properties are given, includes the air flow rate, the initial temperture, initial pressure and VOC concentration), and to calculate out the length of the incinerator and the outlet temperature of the purified air, by making use of a series of resonable hypothesis of the reaction, and related principles of chemical kinetics and thermodynamics. Additionaly, calculating the outlet temperture with the help of CEA(a kind of thermodyanmic calculation program) to prove the validity of the design, calculating the pressure drop over the incinerator by using formula reported to verify the assumption made for the reactor, are both included in this project. This essay also disscuss the difference between the designed reactor and the real one.
Keywords Volatile organic compounds; Catalytic combustion; Plug flow reactor; Thermodynamic calculation; Pressure drop
目录
1引言..1
1.1课题背景1
1.1.1挥发性有机物定义与分类..1
1.1.2挥发性有机物来源与危害..1
1.1.3挥发性有机物的处理技术..2
1.2催化焚烧技术.4
1.2.1催化焚烧流程.4
1.2.2催化焚烧催化剂4
1.3课题内容与意义5
2催化焚烧炉模型建立.6
2.1催化氧化动力学理论.6
2.1.1MarsVanKrevelen机理6
2.1.2催化反应速率的表示.7
2.1.3内扩散对催化反应的影响..7
2.2反应热力学理论8
2.2.1理想气体的焓.8
2.2.2体系焓变与动能变化的关系.8
2.3对反应器的假设处理.9
3催化焚烧炉设计计算..10
3.1计算流程.10
3.1.1确定初始气流状态参数.10
3.1.2计算浓度截面各组分摩尔流量.11
3.1.3计算浓度截面气流速度和温度.12
3.1.4计算各浓度段催化反应速率..14
3.1.5计算各浓度段长度并求和14
3.2计算结果与分析.15
4CEA计算出口气流温度17
4.1CEA反应温度计算原理17
4.2操作步骤.17
4.3计算结果与分析.18
5催化床压降的计算19
5.1催化床结构19
5.2压降和流速的关系19
5.3计算结果与分析.20
6设计计算与实际条件的差异..21
结论22
致谢23
参考文献.24