摘要:聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为水溶性高分子聚合物,不溶于大多数有机溶剂,具有良好的絮凝性,可以降低液体之间的磨擦阻力,基于这一特性,凝胶在生物医药方面具有诱人的前景,但许多研究表明传统PAM凝胶的力学性能差和韧性不足等。本文以无机粘土(Clay)为物理交联剂,N, N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)作为化学交联剂,同时把多壁纳米碳管(MWNT)引入预聚液中,采用原位自由基聚合方法,制备新型PAM纳米复合凝胶。对该凝胶的物质结构与性能进行了探索,旨在增强凝胶的性能和进一步拓展凝胶的应用领域。53152
毕业论文关键词:无机粘土,多壁纳米碳管,聚丙烯酰胺,原位自由基聚合
Abstract: Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a kind of water-soluble polymer and is insoluble in most organic solvents. Its good flocculation can reduce the friction resistance between liquid, based on this feature, gel has an attractive prospect in biological medicine. But many studies have shown that the traditional PAM gel have the disadvantages such as poor mechanical properties, lack of toughness and so on. In this paper, a new kind of nanocomposite gel PAM will be produced in the method of situ free radical polymerization with inorganic clay (Clay) as physical crosslinking agent, N, N '- methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as chemical crosslinking agent, at the same time, multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) will be introduced into the prepolymer solution. This paper explores the structure and the properties of the gel, designed to enhance the properties of the gel and further expand the application areas of the gel.
Keywords: clay, MWNT, PAM, in situ radical polymerization
目录
1 引言 4
2 实验部分 4
2.1 原料及试剂 4
2.2 PAM/MWNT/Clay纳米复合型凝胶的制备 4
2.3 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的结构与性能表征 5
3 结构和性能讨论 6
3.1 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的表观形态 6
3.2 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的制备及形成机理 7
3.3 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的FTIR分析 8
3.4 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的热性能研究 9
3.5 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的SEM分析 10
3.6 PAM/MWNT/Clay凝胶的导电性研究 11
结论 13
参考文献 14
致谢 15
1 引言
粘土(Clay)被引入凝胶中,使得凝胶的力学性能有了大幅度提升,吸引了人们极大的关注。随着研究凝胶的不断深入,人们在提高凝胶力学性能的同时,试图赋予凝胶更多的功能,同时又不恶化,甚至能进一步改善其它性能 [1-3]。导电凝胶作为功能性凝胶中的一种也引起了人们的关注。根据相关文献报道,导电凝胶有望在燃料电池、电容器、生物传感器和染料敏化太阳能电池等各个领域得到应用[4-8]。同时,其也可能存在力学性能较差的缺陷[9]。
碳纳米管(CNTs)是由石墨片层卷绕形成的中空管体,是一种特殊结构的一维纳米材料。其具有很高的强度、优异的导电性能和良好的韧性[10-11],因此人们经常把碳纳米管作为添加成份应用于材料的改变性质 [12-13]。有学者[14]采用碳纳米管对凝胶进行改性,发现碳纳米管的引入不但提高了凝胶的力学强度,而且提高了其导电性能。但对纳米复合型凝胶中加入MWNT未见报道。