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摘要水是人类赖以生存和发展的基本条件，关系着社会和民生。伴随着经济的高速增长，水污染问题越来越严重，给人们生活带来了巨大的威胁。对入湖河道进行水质评价，能更好的了解和治理水污染，并进行合理的水资源开发，促进本地社会经济可持续发展。本文以江川县星云湖主要入湖河道东西大河、渔村河、大庄河、学河、牛摩河、隔河、路居河为研究对象，采用单因子评价法，内梅罗指数法和灰色聚类法进行水质评价，结果表明：内梅罗水质指数法结果表明东西大河、渔村河、大庄河水质极差，学河、牛摩河、隔河、路居河水质较差；灰色聚类法评价结果表明东西大河、渔村河、大庄河、牛摩河为Ⅴ类水，学河为Ⅳ类水，隔河、路居河为Ⅲ类水，通过单因子指数法可以看出河道水总氮、BOD5、氨氮、总磷严重超标，水污染较严重。40418
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毕业论文关键词：水质评价；单因子指数评价法；内梅罗指数法；灰色聚类法
Jiangchuan county xingyun lake main rivers into the lake water quality evaluation
Abstract:Water is a human survival and development of the basic conditions, the relationship between society and people's livelihood. Along with rapid economic growth, water pollution problem is getting worse, it brings to a huge threat. Of the river into the lake water quality evaluation, to better understand and water pollution, and reasonable water resources development, the promotion of local social and economic sustainable development. In this paper, Jiangchuan County Xingyun main river into the lake stuff rivers, fishing villages River, Dazhuang river, learn the river, cattle Mount river, Ge river, Luju river for the study, using single factor evaluation, Nemerow index method and gray poly class method to assess water quality results show that: Nemerow Water Quality Index results show that things rivers, fishing villages River, Dazhuang river very poor water quality, learning River, cattle Mount river, Ge river, Luju river water quality is poor way home; gray clustering method the evaluation results indicate that something rivers, fishing villages River, Dazhuang river, cattle Mount River as waterⅤclass, Learn Ⅳ for river water, Ge river, Luju river is Ⅲ class. By single factor index method can be seen in the river water of total nitrogen, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus seriously overweight, more serious water pollution.
Key words:Quality assessment, single factor index method, Nemerow index, gray clustering method
目录
1 研究背景 1
1.1研究意义 1
1.2文献与综述 1
2 研究区域概况 1
2.1 地理位置 1
2.2 水文气象 2
3 水质监测 2
3.1星云湖主要入湖河道选取 2
3.2资料来源与分析 2
3.3监测的指标 3
4.地表水水质现状评价 4
4.1单因子指数评价法 4
4.1.1 方法简介 4
4.1.2 评价结果 4
4.2内梅罗指数法 6
4.2.1 方法简介 6
4.2.2 评价结果 6
4.3灰色聚类法 7
4.3.1 方法简介 7
4.3.2 计算步骤 7
4.3.3评价结果 8
4.4 评价结果对比 13
5 结论 13
1 研究背景
1.1研究意义
随着工业化、城镇化和经济经济建设步伐的加快，我国出现了严重的水污染问题，水污染严重威胁了我国社会发展和人们的生活环境。全国主要流域属于I～III类水质占64.2%，属于劣V类的水质占17.2%，其中，海河流域属于重度污染，黄河、淮河、辽河流域属于中度污染。湖泊（水库）富营养化问题非常严重，在监测的56个湖（库）中，有3个湖是中度富营养，占5.2%；有10个湖（库）轻度富营养，占到17.2%。在69个城市中，地下水质量为Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水的城市有37个，超过一半的城市地下水都被严重污染，并且经过治理后水质变化效果不明显。