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摘要：灵芝是一种非常珍贵的中药材，也是一种常见的保健食品，而灵芝中功效最优的部分就是灵芝的孢子粉，经科学研究，灵芝孢子粉对于抗肿瘤，抗氧化都有着非常显著的效果。随着人工培育灵芝的成功，大量的灵芝，灵芝孢子粉产品走进了寻常百姓家。而在工业生产中往往把提取过油脂的孢子粉丢弃，或粗略利用。本文采取苯酚-硫酸法对测定灵芝孢子粉多糖含量。用水提法对脱脂灵芝孢子粉多糖进行提取分离，通过单因素实验对单个变量进行试验，考虑温度，单次提取时间，提取次数，料液比对灵芝脱脂孢子粉提取率的影响。采取响应面实验的方法，通过分析，得到脱脂孢子粉的最佳提取条件。最佳提取条件：80°C，1次，1:20：3h/次。采用该提取条件提取率可达到11%，既可以提高脱脂孢子粉的提取率，又可以为实际操作节省成本。而且，最终提高灵芝孢子粉的利用率，增加企业工业生产的社会经济效益。31489
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毕业论文关键词：脱脂孢子粉；多糖；响应面实验；最佳工艺条件；灵芝；
Technology for extracting defatted spores
Abstract: Ganoderma is a very precious herbs, is also a common health food, but the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum is the best part of the spores, the scientific research, fungus spores for the anti-tumor, anti-oxidation have a very significant effect. With the success of the artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum, a lot of fungus, Ganoderma spore powder products into the homes of ordinary people. In the industrial production tend to the extracted oil spores discarded, or rough use. This article taken phenol - sulfuric acid method for determination of Ganoder content. The reference to skim water Ganoder extraction and separation, based on the single factor experiment, considering the temperature, a single extraction time, extraction times, the impact of solid-liquid ratio of defatted spores extraction rate. Response surface methodology approach taken by the analysis, the optimum conditions defatted spores. The optimal conditions: 80 ° C, 2 times, 1: 20: 3h / times. With this extraction conditions 11%, the extraction rate can enhance defatted spores, but also cost savings for the actual operation. And, ultimately improve the utilization of fungus spores, increase social economic efficiency of enterprises in industrial production.
Key words: Fungus spores；Polysaccharide ；Response surface methodology ；The optimum conditions ；Ganoderma
目录
1. 前言 1
1.1灵芝及其主要功效 1
1.1.1灵芝的介绍 1
1.1.2灵芝的主要成分 1
1.2灵芝的历史记载及其分类 2
1.3灵芝的现代利用与膳食 2
1.4野生灵芝与人工栽培灵芝 2
1.5 灵芝孢子粉 3
1.6本课题的研究目的和意义 3
2. 实验部分 4
2.1材料与仪器 4
2.1.1材料与试剂 4
2.2 相关实验方法 5
2.2.1灵芝孢子粉多糖提取 5
2.3灵芝孢子粉提取工艺的研究 5
2.3.1单因素试验 5
2.3.2响应面试验 5
2.4 脱脂灵芝孢子粉多糖的含量测定 7
2.4.1苯酚配制 7
2.4.2葡萄糖标准液 7
2.4.3标准曲线制作 7
2.4.4样品制备实验步骤 7
2.4.5样品测定方法 7
3.实验结果与分析讨论 7
3.1 单因素实验结果 8
3.1.1料液比对灵芝孢子粉多糖提取率的影响 8