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摘要为了调查南京市颗粒物污染水平，研究其影响因素，于2015年1月到4月期间，在南京理工大学第一化学楼对大气颗粒物进行了采集。同时，收集奥体中心、瑞金路、仙林大学城三个国控点的空气质量和南京市天气状况数据，对南京市的颗粒物污染水平及其影响因素进行了分析。25746
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结果表明，研究期间南京市颗粒物污染严重，校内采样点得到PM2.5和PM10日均浓度分别为83.1μg/m³和111.9μg/m³，超标率分别为50%和23.3%；以3个国控点取平均值作为南京市的空气质量数据，得到PM2.5日均浓度为99.97μg/m³，超标率为55.9%。大气细颗粒物占可吸入颗粒物比重很大，PM2.5/PM10比值为0.7433（R=0.9793）。PM2.5浓度受其它污染性气体影响明显，与SO2、NO2、CO均成正相关关系，相关系数分别为0.7035、0.5795和0.7681。风向、湿度、降水对PM2.5浓度的影响较大。风向对PM2.5浓度的影响主要由污染源所在方向决定；PM2.5浓度随湿度增大而增大；降水可以极大程度的降低PM2.5浓度；温度与PM2.5浓度呈正相关性，但并不是很明显。本文的分析可以为改善南京市大气环境质量提供一些技术支持。
关键词 颗粒物污染、PM2.5、温度、相对湿度、风向、降水
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Pollution Condition of Atmospheric Particulates and Its Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Nanjing
Abstract
In order to investigate the level of particulate pollution in Nanjing City and study the influence factors, we collected atmospheric particulates in the first chemical building of Nanjing University of Science and Technology from January to April in 2015.In the meanwhile we gathered the data of air quality in Olympic Center Site, Ruijin Road Site and Xianlin Site which were the state-controlled points, and the weather conditions of Nanjing City. Then analyzed the level of particulate pollution and its influence factors in Nanjing.
The result showed that Nanjing City particulate pollution was serious in the study period, the daily average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 obtained from campus sampling points were 83.1 and 111.9, respectively, the exceeding rate was 50% and 23.3%, respectively; taken three country control points averages as Nanjing City air quality data, it turned out that daily average concentration of PM2.5 was 99.97and its exceeding rate was 55.9%. The proportion of the respirable particulates in the air took up a large part, the PM2.5/PM10 ratio was 0.7433 (R=0.9793).The concentration of PM2.5 was significantly affected by other polluting gases, which was positively correlated with SO2,NO2 and CO, and the correlation coefficient was 0.7681, 0.5795 and 0.7035, respectively, The influence of wind direction humidity and precipitation on the concentration of PM2.5 was relatively great. The influence of wind direction on PM2.5 concentration mainly depended on the direction of pollution sources; the concentration of PM2.5 rises as the increase of humidity; precipitation could greatly reduce the concentrations of PM2.5; temperature and PM2.5 concentrations were positively correlated, but it was not very obvious. The analysis of this paper could provide some technical support for improving the air quality of Nanjing city.
Keywords particle pollution, PM2.5, temperature, relative humidity, wind, precipitation
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1大气颗粒物 1
1.2 大气颗粒污染物的危害 1
1.3 大气颗粒污染物检测方法 3
1.4 我国及南京市颗粒物污染现状 4
1.5 本文的研究内容与意义 5
2 实验部分 6
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