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设计总说明：煤焦油加工是近代有机化学工业的先导，至今有 100 多年历史。焦油蒸馏是对煤焦油进行初步分离，一般可分离得到轻油、酚油、洗油、萘油等几种馏分，所获得的馏分是合成塑料、合成纤文、农药、染料、医药、涂料、助剂及精细化工产品的基础原料，也是冶金、合成、建设、纺织、造纸、交通等行业的基本原料。因此煤焦化工业以其不可替代性在21世纪煤化工中占有重要位置。22579
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煤焦油蒸馏是焦油加工的龙头，其技术水平影响着焦油馏分的质量，并对焦油馏分的后续加工工艺的选择有着较大影响。
本设计为年处理30 万吨焦油两塔蒸馏工序的初步设计，对目前国内外的焦油蒸馏工艺进行了对比，重点介绍了常压两塔式蒸馏工艺过程，以及针对两塔式流程里涉及的主要设备进行了计算和选型，并对整个蒸馏工序进行了非工艺设计、技术经济分析和环保处理等，最后对本设计进行总结。
毕业论文关键词：煤焦油；蒸馏；常压；两塔式
Design Of Coal Tar Distillation Processing Which DealingWith 30 Megatons Coal Tar Annually
Abstract：Coal tar processing industry as a leader in modern organic chemistry, has had 100
years. Coal tar distillation is the initial separation, generally, it can be separated to several
fractions; such as lignt oil, phenol oil, washing oil and naphthalene oil.The obtained fractions
are the fundamental raw materials for synthetic plastic, synthetic fiber, pesticides, colourants,
medicines, paints, accessory ingredients and fine chemicals; as well as metallurgy, composition,
construction, textile process, paper making, transportation. Therefore, coal chemical industry is
irreplaceable in the 21st, occupies an important position.
Distillation of coal tar is the head of coal tar processing, its technology level affects the
quality of tar fractions and subsequent processing of tar fractions, there is a great impact on the choice of process.
This design is the preliminary design of two-tower coal tar distillation processing which
dealing with 30 megatons coal tar annually. The tar distillation process at home and abroad
were compared, focusing on the two-tower distillation process at atmospheric pressure. The
major devices where the process involved were calculated and its models were selected. At the
same time, non-process design, economic analysis and environmental treatment were added to
the whole distillation process. Finally, it summarizes the whole design.
Design General Information：coal tar ；distillation；atmospheric pressure ；two-tower目 录
1 绪论. 1
1.1 煤焦油的应用领域. 1
1.2 设计目的和意义.. 1
1.3 产品质量、指标、物性参数 1
1.4 设计地区的气候条件 2
2 工艺论证.. 4
2.1 常压焦油蒸馏工艺.. 4
2.1.1 一塔式焦油蒸馏工艺4
2.1.2 两塔式焦油蒸馏工艺5
2.1.3 多塔式焦油蒸馏工艺6
2.2 减压焦油蒸馏工艺. 7
2.4 其他焦油蒸馏工艺. 9
2.4.1日本钢管公司焦油蒸馏工艺.9
2.4.2吕特格焦油公司焦油蒸馏工艺.10
3 工艺详述.11
3.1 煤焦油初加工. 11
3.1.1焦油的储存和运输11
3.1.2焦油质量的均合.11
3.1.3焦油的脱水11
3.1.4焦油的脱盐12
3.2 两塔式焦油蒸馏工艺过程.. 13
3.2.1工艺过程.13
3.2.2两塔式流程主要特点..14
3.2.3两塔式流程操作参数..14
3.3 主要设备及其操作参数和操作制度. 14
3.3.1 二段蒸发器..14
3.3.2 一段蒸发器..15
3.3.3 管式加热炉..16
3.3.4 蒽塔..16
3.3.5 馏分塔.17
3.3.6 冷却器.17
3.4 影响焦油蒸馏的主要因素.. 17
3.4.1原料焦油.17
3.4.2焦油加工量18
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