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摘要：啤酒花主要用于啤酒酿造工业，赋予啤酒苦和香，同时具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、雌激素样作用、镇静等药理作用，是一种重要的药食同源植物。本文主要着眼于对啤酒花压缩颗粒进行啤酒花浸膏的提取、浓缩。构建了料液比不同、乙醇浓度不同、浸提时间不同对酒花浸膏浸提条件进行单因子变量优化确定最佳方案。以啤酒花α-酸、β-酸、总黄酮含量为指标，研究了浸提条件对酒花品质的影响。主要试验结果如下：（1）随乙醇浓度、浸提时间、料液比的增加，α-酸、β-酸、总黄酮含量均呈现先上升后下降的趋势。通过单因素优化实验得到提取酒花浸膏的最优条件是：乙醇浓度为60 %、料液比为1：20、提取时间为60 s。（2）采用常温浸提法、多级浸提法提取啤酒花浸膏，其中多级浸提法提取效果最好。（3）通过评吸人员评吸，酒花烟烟气总体印象为：劲头感较强，协调感不强，带有杂气，香气略沉闷，在口腔有余，略微苦涩。（4）用GC-MS检测出酒花烟中有β-大马酮、α-酸等138种致香成分。22193
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毕业论文关键词：啤酒花；酒花浸膏；浸提；评吸；GC-MS
Extraction of hop concrete and the application in tobacco
Abstract: Hops are mainly used in brewing industry, which could give beer bitter taste and aroma. Hops have the effect of antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidation and estrogen-like, belonging to an important medicial edible plant. This paper mainly focused on the extraction and enrichment of the particle hops. The hops extract conditions were optimized through the single factor test by building different material liquids, ethanol concentration and extractional times. The content of α-acid, β-acid and total flavonoid content of hops were used as the indicators to study the effect of extraction conditions on the quality of hops. The main results were as follows: (1)With the increase of the concentration of ethanol, leaching time and material liquid ratio. The index of α-acid, β-acid and total flavonoid content first increased and then decreased. The result of single factor optimization was: ethanol concentration was 60%, material liquid ratio was 1:20, extracting time was 60 s. (2) Hop concrete was extracted by normal temperature extraction and multi-stage extraction, but multi-stage extraction had the best effect. (3)The overall impression of the cigarettes by smoking staffs was that the cigarettes had a strong sense of momentum, but the coordination was not strong, and slightly bitter after tasting in the mouth. (4) By GC-MS detection, there were β-damascone, α-acids and other 138 kinds of aroma components in the cigarettes of hop taste.
Key words: Hop；Hop extract；Leaching；Smoking；GC-MS
目录
1.引言 1
1.1 酒花浸膏的成分及其药理作用 1
1.2 酒花浸膏的应用 3
1.3本课题的研究目的和意义 3
1.4本课题主要研究内容 4
2.实验材料和方法 5
2.1 实验材料 5
2.1.1卡斯卡特酒花 5
2.1.2 主要试剂 5
2.1.3 主要仪器 6
2.2 试验方法 6
2.2.1检测干燥酒花的水分含量 7
2.2.2单级浸提法提取啤酒花浸膏 8
2.2.3检测干燥酒花总黄酮含量 8
2.2.4单级浸提法提取啤酒花浸膏 9
2.2.5多级浸提法提取啤酒花浸膏 9
2.2.6酒花浸膏在烟草中的应用 10
3.结果与讨论 11
3.1检测干燥酒花的水分含量、α-酸和β-酸含量、总黄酮含量 11