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摘要二氧化硫和氮氧化物的控制是我国大气污染治理中的难题。将氧化和氨法脱硫技术相结合可以同时高效地吸收二氧化硫和氮氧化物，具有较好的工业前景，但是吸收过程中会产生不稳定的亚硫酸铵和亚硝酸铵，只有将其氧化成稳定的硫酸铵和硝酸铵才能达到固氮和固硫的目的。本文采用非催化空气氧化的方法，使用离子色谱进行分析，研究亚硫酸根和亚硝酸根的混合氧化；采用旋转蒸发仪，结合X射线衍射、傅里叶红外、扫描电子显微镜等表征手段，研究硫酸铵和硝酸铵的混合结晶行为。同时考察了混合比例、温度、pH、氯离子等对氧化和结晶的影响。结果表明，当亚硫酸铵/亚硝酸铵摩尔比为3:1，温度为60℃，pH为5~6，氯离子含量不能高于15000 mg/m3时，氧化结晶效果达到最佳。21349
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关键词 亚硫酸根；亚硝酸根；氧化；硫酸铵；硝酸铵；结晶
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Research on Ammonium sulfite and Ammonium nitrite Oxidation and Crystallization behavior
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides pollutions have become the main pollution of the atmosphere in our country. The combination of the oxidation and ammonia desulfurization can simultaneously absorb efficiently sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, but the unstable by-products including ammonium sulfite and nitrite are generated, which must be oxidized into stable ammonium sulfate and nitrate. In this paper, the non-catalytic air oxidation method was utilized to investigate the mixed oxidation of sulfite and nitrite combined with analysis of ion chromatography. The rotary evaporator was used to study crystallization behaviors of ammonium sulfate and nitrate. The characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used in this paper. The effect of main factors such as the mixing ratio, temperature, pH and chloride ion on oxidation and crystallization were investigated. The results show that when the sulfite/nitrite molar ratio is 3:1, the temperature is 60 ℃, pH is 5-6 and chlorine ion content is below 15000 mg/m3 in the solution, the optimum oxidation and crystallization can be obtained.
Keywords Sulfite; Nitrite; oxidation; ammonium sulphate; ammonium nitrate; crystallization
目 录
1 引言 1
1.1 二氧化硫及氮氧化物的危害 1
1.1.1 二氧化硫的危害 1
1.1.2 氮氧化物的危害 2
1.2 二氧化硫和氮氧化物的治理技术概述 3
1.2.1 二氧化硫的治理 3
1.2.2 氮氧化物的治理 4
1.3 本课题的研究目的 5
2 亚硫酸钠与亚硝酸钠的混合非催化空气氧化 7
2.1实验 7
2.1.1 试剂 7
2.1.2 实验装置 7
2.1.3 实验方法 7
2.2 不同条件对其氧化的影响 8
2.2.1 混合比例 9
2.2.2 氧化温度 10
2.2.3 pH值 12
2.2.4 氯离子含量 13
2.3 小结 16
3 硫酸铵与硝酸铵的混合结晶 17
3.1实验 17
3.1.1 试剂 17
3.1.2 实验装置 17
3.1.3 实验方法 17
3.2 不同条件对其结晶的影响 18
3.2.1 混合比例（摩尔比） 18
3.2.2 结晶温度 21
3.2.3 氯离子含量 23
3.2.4 飞灰含量 25