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摘要：随着纳米科学技术的不断发展，半导体纳米材料在各学科领域中发挥的作用也日益突显。近年来，人们在半导体纳米材料的制备方面已经进行了很多尝试并取得了引人注目的成就。但是由于其复杂性，对它们的研究和开发仍面临着严峻的挑战。因此，不论在制备上还是在应用上仍然存在许多有待解决的问题和很广阔的研究空间。碲化镉纳米材料因其独特的尺寸依赖性，有可能被广泛应用于光发射装置、生物成像、光电、生物学和化学传感器等诸多领域。基于此，本论文研究了一种两步制备含有CdTe量子点和聚苯乙烯微球的复合发光材料的方法。其主要研究内容及成果如下：采用两步法制备了CdTe量子点/聚苯乙烯复合荧光微球。并利用高分辨透射电镜、X-射线粉末衍射仪、红外光谱仪、紫外光谱仪，荧光光谱仪对其进行了表征。关键词：半导体；纳米材料；CdTe；聚苯乙烯；荧光微球8370
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Preparation and application of nano semiconductor material
Abstract：With the continuous development of science and technology, nanotechnology, semiconductor nanomaterials in various subject areas are also increasingly prominent role. In recent years, people in the preparation of semiconductor nanomaterials has already done a lot to try and made remarkable achievements. However, due to their complexity, their research and development is still facing serious challenges. Therefore, whether in preparation or on the application there are still many problems to be solved and the very broad research space. Cadmium telluride nanomaterials because of their unique size-dependent, there is likely to be widely used in light emitting devices, biological imaging, optical, biological and chemical sensors, and many other fields. Based on this, this paper studies a two-step solution containing CdTe quantum dots and polystyrene microsphere composite luminescent material. The main research contents and results are as follows: a two-step prepared CdTe quantum dots / polystyrene composite fluorescent microspheres. And using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize them.
KeyWords：Semiconductor; nanoparticles; CdTe; polystyrene; fluorescent microspheres
目 录
1 前言 1
1.1 半导体纳米材料及性质 1
1.2 半导体纳米材料量子点的应用 2
1.2.1 量子点在分析化学上的应用 2
1.2.2 一文半导体纳米材料的应用 3
1.2.3 CdTe量子点的近红外电化学发光与生物传感 4
1.2.4 量子点复合荧光微球的应用 5
1.2.5 量子计算 5
1.2.6 光电器件 5
1.3 复合荧光纳米材料 6
1.4 复合荧光微球及其制备方法 6
1.4.1 硅化学法制备二氧化硅复合荧光微球 6
1.4.2 溶胀法制备聚合物复合荧光微球 7
1.4.3 静电自组装法制备复合荧光微球 7
1.4.4 共聚法制备聚合物复合荧光微球 7
1.5 荧光纳米微粒在生命科学中应用 8
1.5.1 荧光纳米微粒直接用于生物检测 8
1.5.2 荧光编码 9
1.6 本论文研究的意义 10
2 实验部分 11
2.1 材料与主要仪器 11