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    摘要本文采用了氢氧化钾和五氧化二铌作为原料合成铌酸钾粉末， 通过使用加热炉以220℃的温度加热 24个小时，得到了所需产物。然后，我们使用离心机来去除反应中过量的氢氧化钾，然后再经过烘干，筛滤等步骤得到我们实验需要的铌酸钾粉末。然后为了测试加入氧化铜对铌酸钾的影响， 我们分别加入不同比例的氧化铜， 借助XRD，SEM，铁电仪等仪器来测试所得产物烧结成陶瓷的各种参数和性能。经过实验发现，通过水热法得到的粉末全部为铌酸钾。粉末形貌为细针状。从样品的 SEM图像可以看出陶瓷样品之间的空隙比较大。 而且所有样品在空气中放置两周后，均发现有逐渐粉化的趋势。研究发现，当氧化铜的含量大于 8‰的时候，烧结的陶瓷中出现 Nb2O5相，随着氧化铜含量的越来越高，样品中的Nb2O5相也越来越多，呈现出双相的趋势。通过使用电表的测量可以发现，当样品中不含有CuO 烧结助剂时，样品的铁电性能比较好，但是后面由于样品中存在有大量孔隙，它会吸收水和二氧化碳等杂质从而影响样品的性能，导致了样品漏电。58549
    毕业论文关键词：铌酸钾；氧化铜；水热法；铁电性
    Abstract In this paper, the potassium hydroxide and niobium pentoxide which was used as thepotassium niobate powder was synthesized by using a heating furnace temperatureitreacted at 220 ℃ for 24 hours in order to give the desired product. Then we use acentrifuge to remove excess potassium hydroxide in the reaction,.Through the drying step,the screening of experiments we need to give is potassium niobate powder. In order to testthe impact of copper oxide,we added the potassium niobate, we also added differentproportions of copper oxide.By the means of XRD, SEM, ferroelectric and otherequipment,we can test that the resulting product was sintered ceramic various parametersand performance.The study showed that the resulting powder made by hydrothermal method is allpotassium niobate. Powder morphology looked like fine needles. As it can be seen from theSEM image of the sample gap between the larger ceramic samples that all samples whichwere placed in the air after two weeks were found to have gradually pulverized trend. Thestudy found that when the content of copper oxide is greater than 8‰ when sinteredceramic appears Nb2O5 phase. With increasing content of copper oxide in thesample ,Nb2O5 phase showed a biphasic trend .By using the meter measurements,it can be found that when the sample does notcontain CuO sintering aid,ferroelectric properties of the sample is becoming much better,but later due to the large number of pores present in the sample, it will absorb water andcarbon dioxide and other impurities in the air which could affect performance , resulting inleakage of the sample.
    Key words：KNbO3；CuO；Hydrothermal method；ferroelectricity

    目录

    第一章绪论.1

    1.1引言1

    1.2压电材料1

    1.2.1压电材料简介1

    1.2.2压电材料分类1

    1.2.3压电材料的应用2

    1.3无铅压电陶瓷.3

    1.3.1无铅压电陶瓷的研究意义.3

    1.3.2无铅压电陶瓷的分类.3

    1.3.3无铅压电陶瓷的制备.5

    1.3.4无铅压电陶瓷的性能参数.5

    1.4铁电材料7

    1.4.1铁电材料的介绍7

    1.4.2铁电材料的分类8

    1.5水热合成法.9

    1.5.1水热合成法简介9

    1.5.2水热合成法的特点.9

    1.6本课题的目的和意义10

    第二章实验部分11

    2.1实验的方案.11

    2.2材料的成分与制备11

    2.2.1实验所需材料及其成份配比.11

    2.2.2实验的主要仪器.12

    2.2.3实验步骤13

    第三章实验结果与分析21

    3.1引言.21

    3.2XRD分析.21

    3.3SEM分析.23

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