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摘要近些年来，复合材料这种比原组分的材料有着更好性能，可以把原来的材料的优点发挥出来，并把这些优点集中于一体的材料，在越来越多的领域有了更多的应用。复合材料具有很多的优点，例如重量轻、抗疲劳、耐化学腐蚀等等，这些优点已经超越金属合金并在一些地方可以完全取代金属合金，现已应用于航空机翼及机身、高档自行车、高档跑车、无人机旋翼等方面，在这几年里发展跟快了。在航空材料方面，现在最理想的就是树脂基复合材料，在飞机上应用比例越来越高。作为飞机重要部件之一的机翼，使用复合材料机翼有改善了飞机飞行性能及操纵性。复合材料机翼能减轻飞机重量，提高飞行效率，改善飞机安全性能等。47153
本文的研究对象是复合材料机翼模型，在制作机翼模型之前，我首先对比分析了几种结构，最终选定工字梁结构。然后对机翼的内部骨架及蒙皮结构进行了解，再进行结构优化设计。第一步，建立机翼模型的3D有限元分析模型。第二步，利用有限元软件对模型进行分析，对机翼模型主要受载区域的内部空间进行了解，之后再对拓扑结构进行分析，从而我们可以得梁架结构位置在内部的信息。第三步，结合复合材料的可设计性，及有限元软件对机翼蒙皮结构进行结构优化，得到了机翼模型的最终优化方案。最后进行泡沫切割打磨，梁架制作，缠绕成型得到最终的模型。之后对机翼进行三点弯曲试验。有限元软件的应用对复合材料机翼的设计及优化起了关键的作用，对复合材料的发展有重大的意义。
毕业论文关键词：复合材料机翼模型；结构优化设计；有限元分析；三点弯曲。
Abstract
In recent years, this composite material than the original components have a better performance, the advantages of the original material can play out, and these advantages concentrated in one material, in more and more areas have more Applications. Composite materials have many advantages such as light weight, fatigue resistance, chemical corrosion, etc., these benefits have gone beyond metal alloys and in some places you can completely replace the metal alloy has been used in aircraft wings and fuselage, high-end bicycles, high-end sports car, the UAV rotor, etc., in the past few years with the development of fast. In terms of aviation materials, now is the best resin-based composites in aircraft applications increasing proportion. As an important component of one wing aircraft, the use of composite wing aircraft have improved flight performance and maneuverability. Composite wing aircraft can reduce weight, increase flight efficiency and improve the safety of aircraft performance.
The object of study is a composite material wing model before making wing model, I first comparative analysis of several structures, beam structure ultimately selected. Then the internal skeleton and skin of the wing structure to understand, then the structure optimization. The first step in the establishment of 3D finite element model of the wing model. The second step, using the finite element software analyzing the model, the model of the wing by the internal space of the main load area to understand, and then later on topology analysis, so we can get the beams in the interior of the structure of the location information. The third step, the composite material can be combined with the design of, and finite element software wing skin structure optimization to give final optimization wing model. Finally foam cut and polished, beams production, filament winding to get the final model. After the wing three-point bending test. Finite element software applications for the design and optimization of composite wing played a key role in the development of composite materials are of great significance.
Key words：Composite wing model; structural optimization; finite element analysis; three-point bending.