摘要热塑性聚氨酯弹性体拥有良好的耐冲击、抗气候和耐磨性能,但其拉伸强度较差,因此通过共混改性制得优良力学性能的聚氨酯复合材料具有很广阔的应用情景。本课题通过熔融共混制得聚氨酯(TPU)/聚甲醛(POM)合金,并且通过二步共混将聚甲醛(POM)、碳纳米管(CNTs)引入聚氨酯(TPU)制备得到聚氨酯(TPU)/聚甲醛(POM)/碳纳米管(CNTs)合金材料。系统研究了TPU/POM以及TPU/POM/CNTs合金材料的结构及其性能,并对合金的结晶性能进行了探究。分析结果表明:添加POM能提高TPU的物理力学性能,所得材料的断裂伸长率有一定的下降,但其拉伸强度及模量都有所提高。与此同时,CNTs的引入,进一步增强了聚氨酯的力学性能。有趣的是,CNTs对POM的结晶过程产生了影响,引起合金的相结构产生了一定程度的改变。研究还表明,成型温度对共混材料的相结构、力学性能也具有显著影响。43935
Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has impact resistance, abrasion resistance and goodresistanc to climate, but its tensile strength is poor, therefore modified by blend to obtaine-d excellent mechanical properties of polyurethane composite material has a very broad application scenarios. In this work, polyurethane (TPU) / Polyoxymethylene (POM) alloy andpolyurethane(TPU) / Polyoxymethylene (POM) /carbon nanotube (CNTs) alloy were preparedby means of melt blending. Studying on the structure and properties of TPU/POM/CNTs alloy and polyurethane(TPU) / Polyoxymethylene (POM) /carbon nanotube (CNTs)alloy, and the crystallization properties of the alloy are studied. The analysis results show that the addition of POM can improve the physical and mechanical properties of TPU, thereis areduction in the elongation of the material, but its tensile strength and modulus are impr-oved.At the same time, the introduction of CNTs also can enhance the mechanica prope-rties of polyurethane. Interestingly, the crystallization of POM influe-ced by CNTs , thephase structure of alloy also produce a certain degree of change.The research also show- ed that the forming temperature of the blends have significant influence phase on the st-ucture and mechanical properties of the blends.
毕业论文关键词:热塑性弹性体; 聚甲醛;碳纳米管;合金材料;共混改性
Key words : Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer; Polyoxymethylene; Carbon nanotubes;Blending modification
1 引 言 3
1.1 热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 3
1.2 聚甲醛 3
1.3 碳纳米管 3
1.4 TPU的改性研究进展 3
1.4.1 聚甲醛/热塑性聚氨酯复合材料 3
1.4.2热塑性聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料 4
1.4.3聚甲醛/碳纳米管复合材料 4
1.4.4 TPU/POM/CNTs合金材料 4
1.5 本课题研究的主要内容及其应用价值 4
1.5.1 本课题研究的主要内容 4
1.5.2 本课题研究的应用价值 4
1.5.3 本课题研究的工作 5
2 实验部分 5
2.1 实验原料 5
2.2 原料制备 5
2.3 实验设备与仪器 5