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摘要随着现代工业、科技以及航空航天技术的高速发展，新型的材料的发展以及研究有着重要的意义。炭炭复合材料以其耐高温、强度高、热膨胀系数小、良好的自润滑性及较高的热导率等一系列优异性能，被认为是一种极有发展前途的新型耐高温导热材料，并已广泛应用于航天航空领域。本论文中，以天然石墨作为基料，煤沥青（SC）作为粘结剂，将天然鳞片石墨与煤沥青均匀混合，称取70g样品，再通过500℃热压、1000℃炭2700℃化石墨化等一系列操作后制备炭炭复合材料。并且运用SEM、XRD以及热导率的测定来取得制品的外表形貌、导热性能及其影响因素。结果表明：按照导热机理分析，块体炭炭复合材料的导热性能受到处理温度、石墨化度和粘结剂含量的影响较大。并且煤沥青做粘结剂的含量在10%时导热性能最佳，然后会降低。24575
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毕业论文关键词：炭材料；煤沥青；复合材料；导热系数
Abstract
With the rapid development of the modern industry、science and the aerospace technology ,the study of the development of the new materials has its important meaning. C/C composite material with high temperature resistance、high strength、small thermal expansion、good self-lubrication and high thermal conductivity which be considered to be one of the most promising new type of high temperature resistance thermal conductivity materials. And it has been widely used in aerospace field. In this paper, with natural graphite as filler, coal tar(SC) as a binder, mixing they good . According to samples from 70 g .Then by 500℃hot-press、1000℃carbonization and 2700℃graphitization to preparation the C/C composite material. Using the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and polarizing microscopy to find the C/C composite material’s morophology, thermal conductive performance and its influencing factors. The results indicated that: According to the mechanism analysis of thermal conductivity, the processing temperature, degree of graphitization, the content of binder do a big contribute to the block C/C composite material’s heat-conducting property. And coal asphalt binder content on 10%when the heat conduction performance is the best,,and then decreased.
Key Words：carbon materials; coal pitch; thermal conductivity; composite material; Thermal conductivity
目 录
1 绪论 5
1.1 炭炭复合材料概述 5
1.2 导热炭炭复合材料的发展 6
1.2.1 金刚石炭膜 6
1.2.2 高导热泡沫炭 7
1.2.3 掺杂石墨 7
1.2.4 高定向热解石墨 7
1.2.5高导热炭纤文和炭/炭复合材料 7
1.2.6 碳纳米管(CNT) 8
1.2.7 石墨烯 8
1.3 沥青 9
1.3.1沥青的分类 9
1.3.2 煤沥青的研究发展 10
1.3.3 煤沥青做粘结剂 10
1.4 导热炭炭复合材料导热机理 11
1.5选题思路 11
2 实验部分 13
2.1实验原料及实验仪器 13
2.2实验过程 15
2.2.1 块体热压炭炭复合材料的制备 15
2.3 表征分析 19
2.3.1 软化点测定（SP） 19
2.3.2 表观密度的测定 20
2.3.3 开孔率的测定 20
2.3.4 X射线衍射分析(XRD) 20
2.3.5 扫描电镜（SEM） 21
2.3.6 导热系数以及热扩散率的测定 21
3 结果与讨论 22