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摘要作为二十一世纪最富有价值与前途的热点研究领域之一，无线传感器网络可以自主地实现数据的采集、融合以及传输，具有广阔的应用前景。但是现有的无线传感器网络的研究有限，极易发生拥塞现象，会导致网络全局信道质量的下降以及丢失率的上升，并且导致缓存器溢出以及加剧网络中的延迟现象，严重影响网络传输性能的质量。因此，对网络之中的拥塞现象进行有效控制是传感器网络研究中需要研究以及解决的一个关键问题。
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本文阐述了无线传感器网络的概念及应用现状，分析了无线传感器网络拥塞的原因及其对传输的影响，并对现有的拥塞控制算法进行了归纳与总结。着重对现有的拥塞控制算法CODA进行了研究，并在NS2的平台上对其进行了实现与仿真，将其与不使用任何拥塞控制的仿真结果进行了对比，论证CODA算法在拥塞控制中能有效地减小网络中的丢包率，降低端到端延迟以及提高网络吞吐量。
关键词 无线传感器网络 拥塞控制 CODA算法 NS2
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Simulation and analysis of wireless sensor network Congestion control algorithms based on CODA
Abstract
As one of the most valuable and promising of the hot research fields in the twenty-first century, wireless sensor network can realize data acquisition, data fusion, and data transmission automatically. It has broad application prospects in the future. However, the technology of the existing wireless sensor is limited; congestion is likely to happen, which will lead to a decline in the link quality for the network channel and a raise in the loss rate. It will also result in the buffer overflow, and the exacerbation of the delay on the network. Therefore, how to control the Internet congestion effectively is a key issue which needs to be studied and solved.
This paper introduces the concept and application of wireless sensor network, analyzed the reason of congestion in wireless sensor network and its influence on the transmission, and concludes and summarizes the existing congestion control algorithms. It focus on the study of CODA, the existing congestion control algorithm, and implements and simulates it on the platform of NS2. The simulation with and without the use of any congestion control results are compared, CODA algorithm is demonstrated in the congestion control for packet loss decreases in network rate, reduce the end-to-end delay and improve the feasibility network throughput.
Keywords wireless sensor networks congestion control
CODA algorithm NS2
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题背景及研究目的和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 本文的工作 3
2. 无线传感器网络概述 5
2.1 无线传感器网络基本概念 5
2.1.1 无线传感器网络体系结构 5
2.1.2 传感器网络特征 6
2.2 无线传感器网络应用现状 7
2.3 无线传感器的关键技术 8
3 CODA拥塞控制机制 10
3.1 无线传感器网络拥塞概述 10
3.1.1 无线传感器网络拥塞的定义 10
3.1.2 无线传感器网络拥塞的原因 11
3.1.3 无线传感器网络拥塞的影响 12