摘要任询是金元一代在书法上很具有代表性的人物,在金世宗(完颜雍)大定年间,即金代中期,曾享有“当时第一”的声誉。任询书法雄健超迈,因此后人评任询书法时多言其宗鲁公。由于学颜鲁公,所以任询的书法气势恢宏且稳健雄强,其时诸多名士对他的书法极具雄健气息这一点的看法是不谋而同的。而金代前期的书家承北宋之余绪,极崇苏轼米芾之风尚,及至金代中期以任询为主的一批书家转而师法唐代颜真卿,任询在此中起到的表率作用是不容小觑的,结合任询仅存于世的几件作品风格与其时的书法风尚的转变来看,可说任询是一个开创出金人书法之新面貌的标杆性书家。49235
毕业论文关键词:任询;金代;书法;新面貌
Completelynew explore as a picture of the new alloy people calligraphy
Abstract
Ren Xun is a representative figure in calligraphy in Jin and Yuan dynasty, and especially in the middle of Jin dynasty, he deserves top reputation. His writing is powerful, free and easy. The later generation said that he learned from Yan Zhenqing. His calligraphy was magnificent which was a common perspective among celebrities in that time. In the beginning of Jin dynasty, the style of writings stemmed from the Northern Song and calligraphers imitated Su Shi and Mi Fu. In the middle of Jin dynasty,calligraphers including Ren Xun turned to imitate Yan Zhenqing and he played a key role in this transition.His writings were so different from other calligraphers' in that time that we considered Ren Xun as a representative and creative figure in initiating a new scene in Jin dynasty.
Key Words: RenXun; Jin Dynasty; calligraphy; new face
目 录
摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ
目录 Ⅲ
一、任询书学渊源及风格形成 1
(一)书学渊源 1
(二)书学风格 1
二、任询之前的金代书法面貌 3
三、任询开金代书法新面貌 5
参考文献 8
一 任询书学渊源及风格
(一)书学渊源
任询,字君谟,一作君谋,号南麓先生,易州(今河北易县)军市人。《金史·任询传》说他:“为人慷慨多大节,书为当时第一 ”,由此可见任询的书法在当时产生了一定影响。清人吴其贞说任询:“书法雄秀,结构纵逸,盖宗于颜鲁公[1]”。顾复认为:“君谟书谓其擅学平原[2]”,又有赵秉文说他的书法:
“‘岱宗夫如何,齐鲁青未了。’‘夫如何’字几不成语,然非三字,无以成下句有数百里之气象。……学南麓者,当以是参之[3]。”
可知任询书法宗颜鲁公,行草雄秀,结构奇趣纵意。但其早期可能受宋代书风遗绪的影响略涉苏东坡,以至于有元人王恽称任询字在“颜(真卿)、坡(苏轼)之间[4]。”尽管如此,由其传世的作品及后人的评价记述来看,可以肯定任询的书法确是以颜真卿为宗。从具有代表性的作品《古柏行》中也可看出任询的书法豪迈劲健,多尚气势,显然是宗法颜鲁公的。正是任询宗颜真卿的书学渊源,才有后来他一改金代前期学习苏轼与米芾的风尚,整体风气与南宋无大异的现象。使得书家们不以文人雅韵为意,学习苏轼与米芾的风气在大定之后也逐渐削减。由此任询以焕然一新的书风导向革故鼎新开创出金代书法之新面貌。
(二)书学风格
任询生前书名颇高,《金史·任询传》里称赞他“书为当时第一”;其作品现在可见者尚且只有六件刻石、一件墨迹和一件刻帖,因此可从任询现存于世的作品来探究其书学风格。