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摘要理论分析表明，扩展雷达信号的频谱，可以实现高距离分辨。频率步进脉冲体制利用多个宽脉冲合成一个窄脉冲，在一个完整的调频周期内，通过多次递增频率的脉冲跳步，雷达发射一系列的调频宽脉冲，这一系列的脉冲的合成效果在频率内与一窄脉冲的效果相同，这样即相当于获得了一个高强度、窄脉冲回波的频谱。既然频率步进时逼近一个简单的窄脉冲的频谱，对这种扩展实施一定的脉冲压缩处理后就能得到目标的高分辨率距离像。本文主要通过利用 AC6684 高速采集卡采集雷达的I/Q 通道回波，并储存在卡上的 RAM 中，上位机运行利用 MFC 编写的程序顺序读取卡上 RAM 中的采样数据，并将其转换成对应的电压值然后对其进行 IFFT 变换，最终得到目标的高分辨率一维距离像。本文介绍了毫米波脉间频率步进高分辨雷达的原理和毫米波脉间频率步进高分辨率雷达的信号处理方法；触发卡电路的设计以及 AC6684 使用方法和 VC++中 MFC 编程的流程。 让对毫米波高分辨率雷达回波信号处理的方法有了更加深入的认识。61013
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毕业论文关键词：步进频率 脉冲压缩 采集卡 IFFT 变换 信号处理 触发卡
Title IFFT-based millimeter-wave stepped frequencyHigh resolution radar echo signal processing
Abstract According to the theoretical analysis,high range resolution can berealized by expanding the spectrum width of radar signal.Step pulsefrequency system utilizes multiple wide pulses to synthesize a narrowone.During the entire frequency modulation period,radar emits a series offrequency modulated wide pulse by increase progressively the pulse leapof the pulse. The effect of synthesis of a series pulses is the same asof a narrow pulse in the frequency domain. This is equal to achieve afrequency spectrum of an echo of high intensity and narrow pulse. Now thatthe spectrum is close to spectrum of a simple narrow pulse during stepping,some kind of pulse compression process of this extend can result in highrange resolution profile of the target.This paper mainly uses AC6684 high speed sampling card to sample theI/Q tube echo of radar, and store the sample data in the RAM of the card.The upper computer reads the sample data in sequence by running MFC program,and then transfers it into corresponding voltage value and implements IFFTto it. At the end, the one-dimensional high range resolution profile ofthe target achieved.This paper introduced the theory and the signal processing method ofmillimeter wave stepped frequency high resolution radar; and the designof trigger card circuit and usage of AC6684 and the programming stream of MFC in VC++. Let’s have a deeper view of the signal processing method ofmillimeter wave stepped frequency high resolution radar.
Keyword: stepping frequency pulse compression sampling cardIFFT signal processing trigger card
目次
1 绪论.1
1.1 毫米波雷达背景研究1
1.2 毫米波高分辨率雷达1
1.3 本文主要研究内容3
2 毫米波脉间频率步进高分辨率雷达.4
2.1 毫米波脉间频率步进高分辨率雷达原理4
2.2 毫米波脉间频率步进高分辨率雷达性能参数6
3 毫米波脉间频率步进高分辨率雷达信号处理.9
3.1 脉间频率步进雷达信号处理概论9
3.2 基于 IFFT 的毫米波步进频率高分辨率雷达成像原理9
4 信号采集卡介绍及脉冲触发卡的设计.14
4.1 AC6684 采集卡.14
4.1.1 AC6684 采集卡性能参数14
4.1.2 AC6684 采集卡的输入通道及电压计算14
4.1.3 AC6684 采集卡的主要接口函数说明和应用15
4.2 触发卡设计软件Altium Designer6.9介绍 17
4.3 触发卡设计原理18
4.4 触发卡的原理图及PCB图 19
5 高分辨率一维距离像的MFC编程实现 24