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摘要生命体征检测技术在技术进步的推动下不断发展与改进，多普勒雷达技术和波导缝隙阵列天线技术作为它的重点技术在本课题中被讨论。本文首先简要介绍了多普勒效应以及雷达的探测原理，并根据雷达方程的推导在ADS中应用理想器件对多普勒雷达进行搭建和仿真，验证了多普勒频移。而后，对能够提高雷达精准性的波导缝隙阵列天线进行研究。波导缝隙阵列天线是在矩形波导表面开若干个槽缝组成阵列，从而满足一定的天线指标要求。对于矩形波导宽壁纵向缝隙阵来说，缝隙偏移量和长度是其重点设计要素。本文采用两种不同方法包括Elliott法和等效输入电导法，分别以MATLAB和HFSS软件为辅助工具计算出了一1:2：2:1同相激励四元宽壁纵缝阵的偏距及缝隙长度。最后通过HFSS利用设计数据进行整体天线仿真并比较两种方法的优劣。32994
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关键词 多普勒 雷达 矩形波导 宽边缝隙 天线
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title the doppler radar and antenna of human vital signs detection
Abstract Vital signs detection technology has developed and improved continuously under the impetus of the technical progress. Doppler radar and waveguide slot array antenna technology are the key technologies discussed in this topic.
This paper will first introduce the doppler effect and its detection principle briefly. According to the derivation of the basic radar equation, ideal device structures will be used to build the doppler radar in ADS to verify doppler frequency shift. And then the waveguide slot array antenna which can improve radar precision will also be studied. Waveguide slot array antenna is a rectangular waveguide with several slots opened on the surface, which can satisfy certain requirements of antenna. For rectangular waveguide width edge longitudinal slot array, offset and length of the slot are the key design elements. This paper will introduce two different methods including Elliott method and the equivalent input conductance method using MATLAB and HFSS as auxiliary tool respectively to calculate the offset and length of a four yuan slot array antenna. At last, all the design data will be used to structure a complete antenna model in HFSS. And according to the results of the simulation, we can compare the advantages and disadvantages of this two methods.
Keywords Doppler radar rectangular waveguide wide-brimmed slot antenna
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.3 发展趋势 2
1.4 本文的结构和安排 2
2 多普勒人体生命体征检测雷达 3
2.1 多普勒雷达 3
2.1.1 多普勒效应 3
2.1.2 雷达探测原理 3
2.2 雷达方程 4
2.3 ADS系统仿真 7
2.3.1 ADS原理图设计 7
2.3.2 仿真结果 11
2.4 本章小结 12
3 波导缝隙天线 13
3.1 波导缝隙基本理论 13
3.1.1 波导上的缝隙 13
3.1.2 矩形波导上缝隙的等效 13
3.1.3 缝隙归一化电导或电阻 14
3.1.4 孤立缝隙特性 14
3.2 波导缝隙阵列天线 16