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摘要：近年来由于抗生素的滥用，致使自然环境中存在一定种类和浓度的抗生素，而玉米、小麦作为主要粮食来源，在生长过程中，受到农田土壤及灌溉水中存在的抗生素的影响，其生长以及产量必将受到一定的影响。为了解抗生素对作物生长过程中所产生的作用，本研究以玉米（郑单958、农大108）、小麦（烟农19、济麦22）种子为实验对象，通过作物种子的发芽率、根长、芽长、幼苗干重与鲜重以及叶绿素含量的测定，研究了4种抗生素（盐酸左氧氟沙星氯化钠、青霉素钠、阿奇霉素和头孢唑林刚）在不同浓度梯度（25mg/L、50mg/L、100mg/L、200mg/L，对照组为0mg/L）下对不同品种的玉米、小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究结果表明：4种抗生素对小麦种子的萌发无明显影响，却明显促进了玉米种子的萌发；盐酸左氧氟沙星明显抑制小麦（烟农19与济麦22）幼苗根与芽的生长，并使得其叶绿素合成受阻；青霉素钠促进小麦品种烟农19根与芽的生长，且与抗生素的处理浓度成正相关关系，却抑制了济麦22号小麦种子根与芽的生长；随着阿奇霉素处理浓度的升高，济麦22号幼叶叶绿素含量逐渐降低；盐酸左氧氟沙星明显抑制了郑单928号玉米种子的生长，对根生长的影响尤其明显；盐酸左氧氟沙星处理的郑单958以及头孢唑啉钠处理的农大108相较对照组，其叶绿素含量明显降低，且浓度梯度为200mg/L的盐酸左氧氟沙星，完全抑制了农大108号玉米中叶绿素生成；抗生素对小麦、玉米幼苗鲜重与干重的影响各不相同。39101
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毕业论文关键词：玉米、小麦种子；发芽率；叶绿素含量；抗生素。
Effects of Different Antibiotic on the Seed Germination and the Seedling Growth of Corn and Wheat
Abstract: In recent years, because of the abuse of antibiotics, antibiotics pollution in the natural environment becomes worse and it should have effects on the plant growth. Through the determination of germination rate, root length, bud length, shoot length, seedling dry weight and chlorophyll content of the crops, an experiment was carried out to explore the effects of different concentrations of antibiotics (25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, the control of 0 mg/L) on the seed germination and seedling growth of different species corn (zhengdan 958, nongda 108)and wheat (Yannong 19, Jimai 22). The results showed that the four kinds of antibiotics had no significant effect on wheat seed germination, but obviously promoted the maize seed germination; Levofloxacin hydrochloride significantly inhibited the growth of seedling roots and shoots of wheat (Yannong 19 and jimai 22) and blocked the synthesis of chlorophyll; Penicillin sodium promoted the growth of seedling roots and shoots of wheat (Yannong 19), which was positively correlated with the concentration of antibiotic treatment, but inhabited the the growth of roots and shoots of Jimai 22; With the increase of concentration of azithromycin treatment, young leaf chlorophyll content of Jimai 22 gradually reduced; Levofloxacin hydrochloride significantly inhibited the growth of zheng 928 , especially on root growth; The chlorophyll content of Zhengdan 958 treated with Levofloxacin hydrochloride and Nongda 108 treated with cefazolin sodium significantly decreased compared with the control, and the 200 mg/L levofloxacin hydrochloride completely blocked the synthesis of chlorophyll of Nongda 108; The effects of antibiotics on the fresh weight and dry weight of wheat and corn were different.
Key words: Corn, wheat seed; Germination rate; Chlorophyll content; Antibiotic concentrations.
目录
引言： 1
1 材料与方法 2
1.1实验材料 2
1.1.1仪器和用品 2
1.2 实验方法 2