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摘要：施肥措施可以对土壤细菌群落结构以及其多样性产生影响，16s rRNA基因测序技术又是研究土壤样品中细菌群落组成结构的重要手段之一，而 Python在分析生物序列数据方面具有软件资源丰富、语法简练的优点。因此，我们选择了Python语言，对不同施肥方式处理的土壤微生物16s rRNA基因测序数据进行了初步处理和数据挖掘，进而将长期混合施用牛粪、化肥和秸秆后土壤微生物的群落结构的改变同长期施用牛粪、化肥和秸秆对土壤理化性质带来的影响联系起来。我们发现在土壤自身有机质含量较高的情况下，这种混合的施肥方式对土壤细菌群落结构的影响并不大，这主要体现在：对照组和实验组在α-多样性和β-多样性上没有显著性差异，在 407 个不同等级的分类的序列丰度上具有显著差异，其中黄色单胞菌和微球菌两个目下各分类等级的序列丰度差异特别突出。这种状况可能是在这种施肥方式下，虽然土壤微生物可以利用的有机质中的碳源、氮源更多了，但是土壤其它理化性质（特别是 pH）变化不显著造成的。 30403
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毕业论文关键词：Python；16s 测序；土壤细菌群落结构；牛粪；秸秆
Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing data of effect of long-term mixed application of cow dung, chemical fertilizers and straw on soil microbial community structure Abstract：Fertilization measures can influence soil microbial community structure and its persity. By the way, 16s rRNA gene sequencing technology is an important method to study the structure of microbial community in soil samples, and Python is in advantage of rich software resources and convenience in analyzing biological sequence data. Therefore, we chooses the Python language to carry out preliminary processing and data mining on the 16s rRNA gene sequencing data of soil microbes treated by different fertilization methods, and then link the change of the community structure of soil microorganisms after long-term mixed application of cow dung to the physical and chemical properties change of soil under this long -term fertilization method. We found that this mixed fertilization method had little effect on the soil microbial community structure, In the case of high levels of organic matter in the soil. The results showed that there was no significant difference in α-persity and β-persity between the control group and the experimental group, and there was significant difference in the sequence abundance of 407 different grades. Among them, The difference in sequence abundance between the two grades, Xanthomonadales and micrococcus ,is particularly prominent. The reason may be that in this fertilization mode, although the soil microbial can use the carbon source, nitrogen source more from organic matter, but other soil physical and chemical properties (especially pH) changes are not significantly.
Key words: Python; 16 s sequencing; Soil bacterial community structure; Cow dung; Straw
目录
摘要： . 4
关键词： 4
Abstract： . 4
引言 5
1 材料与方法 5
1.1 土壤样品介绍与处理方法 5
1.2 Python语言以及生物信息相关 Python包和软件的介绍 . 6
1.2.1 Python在生物信息方面的应用 6
1.3 Python开发环境搭建以及 Biopython包的安装和使用 . 6
1.3.1 安装python和相关的科学计算的包Python .. 6
1.3.2 搭建基于sublimetext3的python开发环境 . 6
1.3.3 Biopython 包的使用方法[9]
.. 7
1.4 Qiime微生生物基因组分析工具的安装[10]
.. 8
1.5 本研究使用的其它的Python包的简要介绍 .. 8