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摘要曲轴是汽车发动机的核心零件之一，承载着最大的负荷和全部的功率，并且在高温、高压下长时间运转，在承受着方向不断变化的弯矩和扭矩的同时，还经受着高速运转的磨损，工作环境十分恶劣，因此，这就对曲轴的材料和加工工艺有了较高的要求。其中，曲轴的材料选择较少，就算有非常良好的新型材料，造价昂贵而不合理，所以需要在加工工艺上有所创新。46938
本设计是对汽车发动机的六缸曲轴的加工工艺及夹具的设计进行讨论，目的是在大批生产曲轴时，对此进行工艺路线的拟定与分析。该部分内容是整个课题的重点及难点，工艺路线若不合理，则大大浪费了时间与人力，也会影响到曲轴的加工质量和生产效率，最终都以成本的方式体现出来。所以，拟定一条合理的加工工艺路线，会降低曲轴加工的复杂程度，还能提高曲轴的加工质量和效率。
另外，夹具的设计也是本课题的一个重点。由于是大批量生产，并且曲轴的各种精度要求都比较高，所以一定要用到合适的专用夹具，减少装夹次数，减少加工误差，不仅能提高加工质量，还能提高加工效率，节约时间。作为本课题的第二个重点，保证专用夹具能满足使用要求，在曲轴的加工过程中确实能起到事半功倍的效果。按照拟定的工序，从中选择了两个工序进行了夹具的设计与计算校核等内容。
毕业论文关键词：曲轴；工艺流程；专用夹具；设计
ABSTRACT
As one of the most important parts, the car engine crankshaft is under the maximum load and the whole power, running with a high temperature and a high pressure for a long time. For the bending and torque with continuing changes of direction, the abrasion of running with high speed, so the crankshaft always works under a bad working environment. This leads to the high demand of the material and processing technology of crankshaft. However, there are only few choices of the crankshaft’s material. Even if there has one, the price must be too high to use it. So it is need more innovative thinking of the processing technology.
This design is about an automobile six cylinder of the crankshaft processing technology and fixture design. The purpose is making a huge amount of crankshafts, for which to make a process route. This part is the key point and the difficult point of the design. If there hasn’t a rational process route, it will be a huge waste of time and power, at the same time, it will influence the quality and efficiency of making crankshafts. All of this will be express on the cost. So, we need to find a rational process route to make the processing easier and improve the quality and efficiency of making crankshafts.
Meanwhile, the fixture design is also a key point of this design. Because of the amount is very large and the precision demand is high, the suitable special fixture must be used. It can reduce the error of process, not only improve the quality of process, but also the efficiency. As the second key point of the design, it is very important to make sure the special fixture can meet demand. Following the process route, I chose two of the process route to design the special fixture.
Key words: crankshaft; processing technology; special fixture; design
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1绪论 1
1.1课题来源 1
1.2研究意义 1
1.3曲轴的材料 2
1.4曲轴的工艺 3
1.5研究中的问题及要点 5
2曲轴的加工工艺设计
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