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摘要碱渣是氨碱法生产纯碱过程中产生的一种废渣，通过XRF、XRD、SEM、粒径等分析可知，碱渣的主要成分为CaCO3，且在水溶液中呈碱性，对水溶液中的磷酸根具有一定的化学沉淀作用；碱渣表面粗糙疏松多孔，具有一定的吸附能力，所以碱渣可用于去除废水中的磷。论文通过单因素实验，利用NaOH改性碱渣和煅烧碱渣处理废水中的磷酸根，分别讨论了接触时间、投加量、温度、初始浓度和pH对除磷的影响。结果表明，在静态实验中，NaOH改性碱渣和煅烧碱渣的投加量、反应时间和反应温度对除磷效果的影响较大。采用NaOH改性碱渣处理模拟含磷废水时，当接触时间为5min、投加量0.1g/100mL、pH=5、反应温度控制在20~30℃之间、初始浓度为50mg/L时，可获得98%以上的去除率；采用煅烧碱渣处理模拟含磷废水时，当接触时间为1h、投加量0.05g/100mL、pH=5.5、反应温度控制在20~30℃之间、初始浓度为50mg/L时，也可获得98%以上的去除率。分别采用伪一级和伪二级动力学模型以及Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线模型拟合，结果表明，NaOH改性碱渣与煅烧碱渣都很好地符合伪二级动力学模型，NaOH改性碱渣符合Freundlich吸附等温线模型，煅烧碱渣符合Langmuir吸附等温线模型。63814
毕业论文关键词 含磷废水；吸附；NaOH改性碱渣；煅烧碱渣
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Phosphate removal from aqueous solution using alkaline sludge
Abstract Alkaline sludge, which is a by-product of the Solvay method for production of soda ash, was used as an efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal in laboratory experiments. XRF, XRD, SEM and size distribution analysis shows that the main component of the alkaline sludge is CaCO3. So the alkaline sludge has chemical precipitation of phosphorus ions in aqueous solution by its alkaline. In addition, with a rough and porous surface, the alkaline sludge has certain adsorption capacity. Therefore, choose the alkaline sludge to process the water containing phosphorus, and optimize the operating conditions and explore the mechanism. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of NaOH modified alkailine sludge and calcined alkaline sludge in removing phosphate from wastewater. Major factors involved, including the initial phosphate concentration, dosage, contact time, temperature and pH were also investigated. The results show that phosphate removal percentage was 98% when determined the time, dosage, temperature, pH and initial concentration at 5min, 0.1g/100mL, 20~30℃, 5.0 and 50mg/L for NaOH modified alkaline sludge and 1h, 0.05g/100mL, 20~30℃,5.5 and 50mg/L for calcined alkaline sludge, respectively. The adsorption kinetics data were best described by the pseudo-second-order rate equation, and equilibrium was achieved after 60 min. Equilibrium isotherm analysis of the sorption process data showed that the Langmuir isotherm gave the best description of the process for calcined alkaline sludge and the Freundlich isotherm models gave the best description of the process for NaOH modified alkaline sludge.
Keywords phosphate；adsorption；NaOH modified alkaline sludge；calcined alkaline sludge
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1含磷废水的来源及危害 1
1.2含磷废水的治理 1
1.3碱渣概述 2
1.3.1碱渣的来源 2
1.3.2碱渣的组成及性质 2
1.3.3碱渣的危害 3
1.3.4碱渣的综合利用 4
1.4本课题研究的意义、内容及技术路线方案