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摘 要：植物秸秆资源丰富，含有大量的纤维素、半纤维素，利用植物秸秆生产燃料乙醇具有广阔的应用前景。本次实验选用了芒草和水稻作为实验材料，经过H2SO4法预处理后，通过分析不同类型细胞壁结构，确定其对于预处理和酶解的产糖效率的影响。56012
实验测定了秸秆纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量，芒草细胞壁总成分73.42±2.18%，显著高于水稻54.03±2.23%，其中纤维素差异较小，半纤维素、木质素差异较大。H2SO4预处理可以水解半纤维素，溶解少量木质素，暴露纤维素链，使得纤维素酶可以有效解除底物，提高酶解效率。预处理液中含有大量五碳糖，纤维素酶水解液中主要为六碳糖，芒草和水稻不同材料之间差异较大，芒草木质素含量较高，低浓度H2SO4处理时总糖产率低于水稻，提高酸的浓度可增加木质素溶解作用，4%H2SO4处理后纤维素降解效率进一步提升，芒草总糖产率略高于水稻。
Abstract:, At present, contain abundant plant straw resources in the world. It contains a large number of cellulose and hemicellulose. It has broad application prospects by use of plant straw to produce fuel ethanol. This experiment chooses the grass and rice as experiment material, through the pretreatment of H2SO4 method, through the analysis of different types of cell wall structure, determine its impact on the pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis sugar producing efficiency.
The experiment measured the straw cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content，Miscanthus cell wall composition of total 73.42±2.18%, significantly higher than rice 54.03±2.23%，Among them Small differences of cellulose,but hemicellulose and lignin are different- H2SO4 pretreatment can hydrolysis of hemicellulose, dissolve a small amount of lignin and Exposure of the cellulose chain , then makes the cellulose enzyme can effectively remove the substrate to improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. Preprocessing fluid contains a large number of five-carbon sugar, cellulose enzymatic hydrolysate mainly six carbon in the sugar, Larger differences between miscanthus and rice is because of the different materials，Miscanthus lignin content is higher, low concentration - H2SO4 processing total sugar yield is lower than rice, increase the concentration of the acid can increase the dissolved lignin, 4% - H2SO4 treated cellulose degradation efficiency further ascension, miscanthus total sugar yield slightly higher than rice.
Keywords: Bioenergy, Miscanthus, Rice, H2SO4 pretreatment
目 录
1.1 生物质能 1
1.1.1 生物质概述 1
1.1.2 生物质能发展现状 1
1.2 植物细胞壁 2
1.3 细胞壁化组成 3
1.3.1 纤维素 3
1.3.2 半纤维素 4
1.3.3 木质素 4
1.3.4 果胶 5
1.4 生物质降解转化 5
1.4.1 生物质降解转化流程 5
1.4.2 生物质预处理方式 6
1.4.3 生物质降解相关酶及微生物 7
1.5 本研究目的意义 8
2 材料与方法 8
2.1 实验材料 8
2.2 实验方法