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摘要：本课题主要研究生活用水中砷含量的测定方法比较。近年来，各种工业（如采矿、冶炼、电镀等）废水和固体废弃物的渗出液直接排入水体，致使水体含有较高含量的砷。水体中的砷通过直接饮水、食用被污水灌溉过的蔬菜和粮食等途径进入人体，威胁着人们的身体健康。砷是环境监测的重要分析项目，是我国实施排放总量控制的重要指标之一。砷及其化合物属于剧毒物质，一般情况下，地表水中含砷量因水源和地理条件不同而有很大差异。本论文主要研究现行的两种测定生活用饮水中砷含量的方法，方法分别为电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法（ICP-AES）和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法（银盐法）。两种实验方法都可用于对水中砷含量的检测，两种方法之间存在着很大的差异，各有各的优点和缺点。本文主要通过用这两种方法测定相同的水样，根据比较所得的实验结果来比较两种方法，得出这两种方法各自的优缺点。对于不同的水样，我们对其进行的预处理也应该不同，实验方法也不同，而不同的实验方法也会导致实验结果的不同。7825
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关键词：砷；电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法；ICP-AES；二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法；银盐法
Determination of Total Arsenic in Water
Abstract: Domestic water is very important in our life. With the larger scale development of metallic mineral and industrial wastewater discharge, the arsenic pollution of the environment has become increasingly serious. For example, industrial emissions have escalated in the past 15 years as China has emerged as the world’s manufacturing capital. The pollution, the exhaustion and destructive exploitation of resources are threatening our interests and have already caused problems than affect social stability. So the inspection of trace arsenic is an important indicator in environmental monitoring. Arsenic is one of the important analysis programs of environmental monitoring and surveillance. And it is also one of the important environmental indicators to supervise the emission. The analysis methods of arsenic provide timely and efficient detection instrument for arsenic contaminations worldwide. There are many ways to determinate trace arsenic. Combined multi biomarkers and multi methods have important and practical significance for monitoring, diagnosis, prevention and cure of arsenics. It is rare that one method is simple and rapid, and it can be applied to the determination of almost everything. Every coin has two sides. The paper used the Ag-DDTC spectrophotometer which has good selectivity for the determination of arsenic. Total arsenic in water can be simultaneously determined by ICP-AES either. By comparing the two methods-- the Ag-DDTC and ICP-AES, the paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each, and summed them up. As a general rule, different water samples have different pretreatment. In this paper, by using the different results which determined by ICP-AES and Ag-DDTC the two experimental methods can be compared. In paper objective to simultaneously determine arsenic in domestic water by ICP-AES and Ag-DDTC so as to explore simple methods. And the paper also used the general method to analyze the testing results of arsenic.
Key words: Arsenic；As；Ag-DDTC spectrophotometry； ICP-AES
目 录
1 绪论 .1
1.1水体中的砷污染及危害1
1.1.1砷的毒理作用及危害1
1.1.2砷的环境标准2
1.1.3水体中砷的污染状况2
1.2.砷对水体的污染.3
1.2.1水溶液中三价砷，五价砷的状态3
1.3 水体中砷来源5
1.4 砷污染治理方法5
1.5水体中砷的分析方法.6
1.5.1 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法6
1.5.2 电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法.6
1.6本文研究方向，重点及意义.7