摘 要:对苯二甲酰氯作为一种重要的有机合成中间体,在化学合成中起着非常重要的作用,可以作为农药的中间体,也可以作为高聚物的载体。目前.国内生产对苯二甲酰氯所采用的工艺主要是根据所用氯化剂的不同种类,选用不同的方法进行合成,本文叙述了比较常见的几种合成方法:氯化亚砜法、五氯化磷法、三氯化磷法、光气法、酯氯化法、对二甲苯氯化法等。通过比较各类合成方法得知,氯化亚砜法具备突出的优势。该方法反应条件易于控制,且所得产物易于分离,反应进行的也比较完全。本文同时介绍了对苯二甲酰氯的生产现状及发展前景,对苯二甲酰氯具备广阔的市场前景,从环境和经济的方面来讲,近几年新发展的相转移催化技术更具有优势,它们使得反应温度进一步降低,自身价格也更加低廉。 53149
关键词:对苯二甲酰氯;合成;氯化亚砜
毕业论文Abstract: Terephthalic chloride as an important intermediate in organic synthesis, in chemical synthesis plays a very important role as intermediates pesticide can also be used as a carrier polymer. Currently. Domestic production of terephthalic chloride used in the process is mainly based on the use of different types of chlorinating agent, use of different synthesis methods, this paper describes the synthesis of several of the more common methods: thionyl chloride method, phosphorus pentachloride method, phosphorus trichloride method , phosgene method, ester chlorination method, chlorination of p-xylene and the like. By comparing various types of synthetic methods that thionyl chloride method has obvious advantages. This method is easy to control the reaction conditions, and the resulting product was easily separated, the reaction is relatively complete. This paper also describes the terephthaloyl chloride production status and development prospects, terephthaloyl chloride have broad market prospects, in terms of environmental and economic terms, in recent years, new technology development phase transfer catalysis has more advantages, they make the reaction temperature is further reduced, their prices are more affordable.
Keywords: terephthaloyl chloride , synthesize, thionyl chloride
目 录
1 前言 3
2 物化性质 8
2.1 对苯二甲酰氯的特性 8
2.2 毒理学数据 8
2.3 计算化学数据 9
2.4 贮存方法与应急处理处置方法 9
3 实验合成方法 10
3.1 氯化亚砜法 10
3.2 五氯化磷法 11
3.3 三氯化磷法 12
3.4 光气法 13
3.5 酯氯化法 13
3.6 对二甲苯氯化法 14
3.7 其他合成方法 15
4 实验部分 16
4.1 实验原料及试剂 16
4.2 实验仪器及设备 16
4.3 实验操作 16
4.4 结果与讨论 16
结论 18
参考文献 19
致谢 20
1 前言
对苯二甲酰氯简称TPC,为白色结晶状固体或针状固体,易溶于乙醇等有机溶剂,沸点为266OC,熔点82OC〜84OC,在湿空气中能够发烟,在工业生产中具有非常重要的作用,可以作为农药的中间体,也可以作为高聚物的载体。目前对苯二甲酰氯在中国的年生产能力在5000吨左右,一部分对苯二甲酰氯被用作了研发药物中间体,也有个别公司企业将对苯二甲酰氯应用到癌症的治疗当中,并已取得了显著的效果。