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摘要：传统溶剂大多是有害溶剂，但还是有部分溶剂是绿色溶剂例如：乙酸乙酯等，即使是现在也经常应用于绿色化学工艺，但如果使用混合溶剂可以提高单一溶剂所没有的性能。现有的氯代试剂是氯气、N-氯代丁二酰亚胺和三氯异氰尿酸等。以氯气为氯代试剂，氯气毒性大、操作不便，与绿色化学的要求有一定的距离；以N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(NCS)为氯代试剂，反应选择性高，产率高，但NCS价格偏高、含氯量较低。以三氯异氰尿酸(TCCA)作为氯代试剂，具有廉价易得、 含氯量高、毒性较低、易于操作的特点。因此本论文用混合溶剂和TCCA进行相关氯代物的合成。
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针对国内现有传统苯乙酮氯化工艺的产率低、操作不便、成本高以及毒性大等一系列缺点，本论文以苯乙酮为底物、三氯异氰尿酸为氯化剂，在有混合溶剂的条件下进行反应。通过调整混合溶剂的种类、TCCA的用量和反应时间的调节，优化该反应的影响因素，以便够获得该实验的最佳条件，得到高产率一氯代苯乙酮的最佳反应条件。通过实验得到当苯乙酮（1.2 g /10 mmol）、TCCA(0.77 g / 3.33 mmol)和混合溶剂(为乙腈、乙醇和无水硫酸镁)反应45min时，实际产量最大，得到1.45 g无色油状物，产率为94.2%。对于羰基同系物广泛应用的现在，我们对在苯乙酮的对位添加卤素、甲基、硝基等7种不同的苯乙酮类底物进行实验。在普适性实验中一氯代物产物在78%~95%，其中产率相对较高的是是苯乙酮、对甲基苯乙酮、乙酰乙酸乙酯。35193
毕业论文关键词：绿色化学；混合溶剂；一氯代苯乙酮；三氯异氰尿酸；高选择性；普适性研究
Research on selective chlorinated reaction in mixed solvent
Abstract:Most of conventional solvents are poisonous,there are also some parts of them are green solvents like acetic ethe which is often used in green chemical process even in these days.However, the use of component solvents can improve the performance what the single solvents don't have.The chlorinated reagents now we have are chlorine、N-Chlorosuccinimide and trichloroisocyanuric acid(TCCA) and so on.If we use chlorine as chlorinated reagents,there was a certain distance between the requirements of green chemistry which was because of the toxic and complicate of chlorine.NCS is good chlorinated reagents for its high selectivity and high yield,but the price is higher and with low chlorine content.TCCA has advantages as chlorinated reagents,such as the characteristics of cheap, high chlorine content, low toxicity and easy operation .For these reason ,in this paper we choose component solvents and TCCA to carry on synthesis of relevant chlorine generation.
In view of a series of shortcomings of the domestic existing traditional acetophenone chlorination process of low yield,inconvenient operation, high cost ,toxicity and so on ,this paper will use acetophenone as substrate, cross-linked with different cyanuric acid as chlorinating agent in under the conditions of mixed solvent to get react .By adjusting the types of mixed solvent, adjusting the regulation of TCCA dosage and reaction time,optimizing the influence factors of the reaction,we can easy to get the best condition of the experiment, and get the best reaction conditions of high yield of chlorinated acetophenone.Through the experiment we can get that when acetophenone (1.2 g / 10 tendency), TCCA tendency for 0.77 g and mixed solvent (for acetonitrile, alcohol and anhydrous magnesium sulfate) get reaction for 45 minutes, the Actual output will be the biggest,and we can get 1.45 grammes of colorless oily matter, the yield was 94.2%.For acetophenone homologue was widely used now, we do the experiment by adding seven different phenyl ethyl ketone substrate such as halogen, methyl, nitro in Acetophenone counterpoint.In general experiment ,the one chlorinated yeilds were between 78% and 95%,among them whose Production rate was relatively high was phenyl ethyl ketone, methyl phenyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetoacetate.