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摘要：Ni-Sn-P合金镀层具有孔隙率低、耐蚀性强、导电性和钎焊性好等优点，是目前化学镀的研究热点之一，在工业上有着比较广泛的应用。化学镀Ni-Sn-P三元合金镀层的外观酷似不锈钢颜色并且有很高的耐腐蚀性，适合在腐蚀性严重的条件下应用。本次实验采用单因素实验的方法，研究Ni-Sn-P三元合金化学镀时，在不同温度下、不同溶液组成(柠檬酸钠、锡酸钠、氯化镍和次亚磷酸钠的浓度改变)及不同溶液pH值的情况下，化学镀Ni-Sn-P合金镀层的表面形貌和镀层中各成分的含量。并通过在不同条件下所得镀层试样和性能进行分析和讨论，从而得出较好的工艺配方。实验结果表明：当溶液中柠檬酸钠达到30g/L、锡酸钠10g/L、氯化镍20g/L、次亚磷酸钠30g/L和酒石酸钾钠5g/L，温度在40℃、pH为9时，Ni-Sn-P三元合金镀层有较好的表面形貌。5797
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关键词： 化学镀；Ni-Sn-P三元合金镀层；表面形貌
The Research of Electroless Ni-Sn-P Alloy Coatings
Abstract:Ni-Sn-P alloy coatings have more extensive application in industry because of the advantages such as low porosity, strong corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and brazing. So,it is one of the hot spots of chemical plating.The appearance of Chemical plating Ni-Sn-P alloy coating like the color of stainless steel and they have high corrosion resistance,Suitable for use in the serious corrosion conditions.The experiment was based on single-factor method,study when the Ni-Sn-P alloy coating in the chemical plating,the Compositions in different solution(changing the concentration of sodium citrate, sodium, nickel chloride and sodium hypophosphite),under different temperature, or different pH value of solution conditions affect the surface topography and the content of each component of Ni-Sn-P alloy.Analyzed and discussed the sample and the properties of coatings from the experiments which under different conditions, optimal technology conditions were obtained as following:The pH value is 9,the contents of sodium citrate, sodium stannate,nickel chloride,sodium hypophosphite and potassium sodium tartrate are 30g/L,10g/L,20g/L,30g/L and 5g/L,respectively,and the temperature is 40 ℃,Ni-Sn-P alloy coating with good surface topography.
Keywords: Electroless plating; Ni-Sn-P alloy coating; surface morphology
目 录
1绪论1
1.1 概述1
1.2 化学镀1
1.2.1化学镀的特点 1
1.2.2化学镀的条件 2
1.3 化学镀镍的发展2
1.4 化学多元镀和化学复合镀2
1.5化学镀Ni-Sn-P合金镀层的概述 3
1.6 Ni-Sn-P合金镀层的应用3
1.6.1海洋、石油化学工业 3
1.6.2钢管行业 3
1.6.3薄钢板行业 3
1.7 课题的研究意义和所需解决的问题4
2化学镀机理5
2.1 化学镀机理5
2.1 化学镀镍机理6
2.2 化学镀锡机理6
2.3化学镀Ni-Sn-P合金机理 7
3实验部分9
3.1 实验药品9
3.2 实验仪器9
3.3 Ni-Sn-P合金的制备 9
3.3.1样板前处理步骤 9
3.3.2工艺配方 9
3.3.3镀液配置步骤10
3.4 Ni-Sn-P合金镀层测试方法10
3.4.1镀速测定10
3.4.2镀层表面形貌及镀层成分10
3.4.3镀层结构测定10
3.4.4抗腐蚀性能的测定10
3.5 Ni-Sn-P合金镀镀液的管理与文护11
4化学镀配方及工艺参数的影响 12
4.1 主盐浓度的改变对镀层中锡含量和磷含量的影响 12
4.1.1镀层中氯化镍含量的影响12
4.1.2镀层中锡酸钠含量的影响13
4.2 络合剂浓度的改变对镀层中锡含量和磷含量的影响 15
4.3 还原剂浓度的改变对镀层中锡含量和磷含量的影响 16
4.4 镀液酸度的改变对镀层中锡含量和磷含量的影响 17
4.5 镀液温度的改变对镀层中锡含量和磷含量的影响 18
4.6讨论 19