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摘要聚乳酸是备受关注的生物可降解材料，可加工性能和力学性能良好，但其由于本身分子结构的特点，阻燃性能较差，需要将其进行改性才能适用于各个工程领域。本文通过本身具有阻燃效果的苯基次膦酸（BPA）和纳米氢氧化铝(ATH)合成杂化阻燃剂BPA-ATH，将其加入到聚乳酸中，通过改变BPA-ATH的添加量得到不同的阻燃聚乳酸复合材料。FTIR，TEM，XRD和接触角被用来表征合成的杂化阻燃剂的结构以及分析其性能；结果显示BPA成功接枝到ATH表面，且BPA-ATH呈长型的棒状，表面光滑，热稳定性有所改善。并使用UL-94，LOI，TG等对材料进行表征分析；研究表明，添加40wt%BPA-ATH的复合材料LOI值达25%，且通过了UL-94 V-0级，并且杂化阻燃剂能在燃烧时促进复合材料成炭。26334
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关键词 聚乳酸 阻燃 杂化 苯基次磷酸 氢氧化铝
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title The synthesis of an inorganic-organic hybrid flame retardant and its application in polylactic acid
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is an environmentally friendly polymer which have received an increasing amount of attention. Unfortunately, due to the characteristics of its molecular structure, the fire resistance of PLA is poor, so it is important and urgent to develop effective flame retardant systems for PLA. An inorganic-organic hybrid flame retardant (BPA-ATH) was synthesized, it was used to prepare a series of flame-retardant PLA composites. Its chemical structure and performance were confirmed by FT-IR, TEM, XRD and Contact Angle. The results suggested that BPA was grafted onto ATH successfully, therefore resulting in higher thermostability than ATH, and BPA-ATH showed the morphology of long rod and smooth surface. The composites were investigated by UL-94, LOI, TG and so on; with the addition of 40wt% BPA-ATH, the LOI of composites was improved to 25% and reached UL-94 V-0 rating, what's more. the hybrid flame retardant can promote the formation of carbonaceous residues.
Keywords polylactic acid flame retardant hybrid phenylphosphinate Aluminum hydroxide
目次
1 引言 1
1.1 有机无机杂化阻燃剂简介 1
1.1.1 烷基次磷酸盐 1
1.1.2 表面改性ATH后的杂化阻燃剂 1
1.1.3 有机无机杂化含硅阻燃剂 2
1.1.4 基于石墨类的杂化膨胀阻燃剂 2
1.2 杂化阻燃剂在高分子材料中的应用 2
1.2.1 烷基次磷酸盐的应用 2
1.2.2 改性ATH的应用 3
1.2.3 有机无机杂化含硅阻燃剂的应用 3
1.2.4 基于石墨烯杂化阻燃剂的应用 4
1.3 聚乳酸材料简介 4
1.4 聚乳酸的阻燃研究 4
1.4.1 含磷、氮类阻燃剂 4
1.4.2 膨胀型阻燃剂 5
1.4.3 纳米粒子阻燃剂 5
1.5 本文的研究思路和研究内容 5
2 实验部分 6
2.1 实验原料 6
2.2 实验设备 6
2.3 有机-无机纳米杂化阻燃剂的合成 6
2.4 聚乳酸复合材料的制备 7
2.5 表征方法与测试手段 7
3 结果与讨论 9