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摘要：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)是一种优良的聚酯材料，广泛用于饮料瓶、纤文、薄膜等领域。传统化学方法是将PET分解成制造PET树脂的原料或中间体，实现资源的循环利用，是最为有效的途径。但需要使用大量的浓酸或浓碱，催化剂不能重复回用，设备腐蚀和污染严重等。本文选择了相转移催化剂季铵盐杂多酸，克服传统水解苛刻的反应条件，得到一条温和、绿色高效的反应路线。21427
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本论文主要研究聚酯PET在催化剂存在的条件下，水与 PET 质量比为15:1 时，温度分别在150℃、160℃、170℃下，不同时间（6h、8h、10h）、不同催化剂量的水解解聚过程。通过对解聚产物及固体残留物的测定、分析和表征，探讨PET解聚的反应机理，同时建立相应的动力学模型，更微观的掌握PET的解聚规律。得到水解反应活化能为49.7KJ/moL，季铵盐杂多酸催化降低了反应活化能，使反应在较低条件下进行，具有更直观的数据热效应。
毕业论文关键词： 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)；相转移催化剂；水解；动力学模型
Study on the reaction of hydrolysis degradation and kinetics of PET
Absract：Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyester is an excellent material,it is widely used for beverage bottles, fibers, films and other fields . Chemical methods is made PET into PET resin materials or intermediate , realize resource recycling, is the most effective way to PET waste recycling. However, the methods has many problems, such as need large amounts of concentrated acid or concentration alkali, the catalyst can not be repeated reuse, equipment corrosion and serious pollution. This paper chooses phase transfer catalysis with quaternary ammonium salt of hetero poly acid catalyst , is able to overcome the traditional hydrolysis in acid and alkali, high temperature and high pressure and harsh reaction conditions to obtain a low-cost, green, with industrial prospects degradation route.
This paper mainly studies the polyester PET in the presence of catalyst, water and PET mass ratio was 15:1, the temperature at 150℃，160 ℃, 170 ℃，different time(6h,8h,10h),hydrolytic depolymerization process of different quantity of catalyst. Through determination,analysis and characterization of the depolymerization products and solid residue, discussed the reaction mechanism of PET depolymerization,established the corresponding dynamic model, mastered depolymerization of PET microscopically. I have obtained the activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction of 49.7 KJ/moL, this shows that the catalysis of quaternary ammonium salt of heteropoly acid decreased the reaction activation energy, the reaction is carried out in low condition with the data of thermal effect, more intuitive.
Key words: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)；phase transfer catalyst；hydrolysis； kinetics model
目录
1前言 1
1.1 聚酯（PET）概况 1
1.1.1聚酯现状及其资源化意义 1
1.1.2国内外聚酯资源化现状 1
1.2废弃聚酯（PET）资源化方法 2
1.3 水解的应用 3
1.3.1 酸性水解 3
1.3.2 碱性水解 4
1.3.3 中性水解 4
1.4 聚酯解聚的动力学研究现状 4
1.4.1 PET 水解动力学 4
1.4.2 PET 甲醇解聚动力学 5
1.4.3 PET 乙二醇解聚动力学 6
1.5 杂多酸季铵盐类相转移催化体系的研究进展 6
1.5.1 杂多酸季铵盐类相转移催化体系的进展 6
1.5.2 杂多酸季铵盐类相转移催化反应机理 7