This study pavesthe way for further research, preferably in dif-ferent professional settings, aimed at confirm-ing or refuting its results and refining itstheoretical and managerial implications.Finally, this work has some inherent limita-tions that should be addressed in futureresearch. Firstly, we specifically focused on healthcare organizations. Although this workenvironment might be particularly effectivefor studying the knowledge–innovation link,future research could be extended to other ser-vices environments, such as call-centres,schools and police departments. Secondly, wemainly explored the sharing of tacit knowl-edge among employees. While tacit knowl-edge certainly represents a type of knowledgethat is particularly difficult and ‘tricky’ toshare – and for this reason deserves specificresearch attention – future studies mightinvestigate whether and how the sharing ofexplicit knowledge (e.g., formal organizationalprocesses, databases, job descriptions) mightalso affect employees’ innovative behaviour.Furthermore, the cross-sectional nature of thisstudy prevents us from drawing definitecausal inferences about the relationshipsbetween variables. Future longitudinal studiesmight address this issue. Follow-up studiescould also improve our model by addingfurther variables that more comprehensivelyexplain the mediating mechanisms that trans-late knowledge sharing into innovative behav-iour, and the reasons why employees’ abilityand opportunity to share knowledge are con-ducive to their engaging in those behaviours.AcknowledgementsWe appreciate the generous support of theSwiss
National Science Foundation – FondsNationale Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique:Sinergia Project – Grant CRSII1_147666/1.ReferencesAbbott, A.D. (1988) The System of Professions: AnEssay on the Division of Expert Labor. University ofChicago Press, Chicago, IL.Abstein, A. and Spieth, P. (2014) Exploring HRMMeta-Features that Foster Employees’ InnovativeWork Behaviour in Times of Increasing Work–Life Conflict. Creativity and Innovation Manage-ment, 23, 211–25.Amabile, T.M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J. andHerron, M. (1996) Assessing the Work Environ-ment for Creativity. Academy of ManagementJournal, 39, 1154–84.Anand, N., Gardner, H.K. and Morris, T. (2007)Knowledge-Based Innovation: Emergence andEmbedding of New Practice Areas in Manage-ment Consulting Firms. Academy of ManagementJournal, 50, 406–28.Anderson, N.R. and West, M.A. (1998) MeasuringClimate for Work Group Innovation: Develop-ment and Validation of the Team ClimateInventory. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19,235–58.Anderson, N., De Dreu, C.K. and Nijstad, B.A.(2004) The routinization of innovation research:A constructively critical review of the state-of-the-science. Journal of organizational Behavior,25(2), 147–73.Armitage, C.J. and Conner, M. (1999) PredictiveValidity of the Theory of Planned Behavior: theRole of Questionnaire Format and Social Desir-ability. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psy-chology, 9, 261–74.Aulawi, H., Sudirman, I., Suryadi, K. andGovindaraju, R. (2009) Knowledge SharingBehaviour, Antecedent and Their Impact on theInpidual Innovation Capability. Journal ofApplied Sciences Research, 5, 2238–45.Baer, M. and Frese, M. (2003) Innovation is NotEnough: Climates for Initiative and PsychologicalSafety, Process Innovations, and Firm Perfor-mance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24,45–68.Becker, M.C. (2004) Organizational Routines: AReview of the Literature. Industrial and CorporateChange, 13, 643–78.Bhaduri, S. and Kumar, H. (2011) Extrinsic andIntrinsic Motivations to Innovate: Tracing theMotivation of ‘Grassroot’ Innovators in India.Mind & Society, 10, 27–55.Blau, P.M. (1964) Exchange and Power in Social Life.John Wiley, New York.Bock, G.W., Zmud, R.W., Kim, Y.G. and Lee, J.N.(2005) Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowl-edge Sharing: Examining the Role of ExtrinsicMotivators, Social-Psychological Force andOrganizational Climate. MIS Quarterly, 29,87–111.Caniëls, M.C., De Stobbeleir, K. and De Clippeleer,I. (2014) The Antecedents of Creativity Revisited:A Process Perspective. Creativity and InnovationManagement, 23, 96–110.Chin, W.W. (1998) The Partial Least SquaresApproach to Structural Equation Modeling. InMarcoulides, G.A. (ed.), Modern Methods for Busi-ness Research. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,Mahwah, NJ, pp. 295–336.Chow, W.S. and Chan, L.S. (2008) Social Network,Social Trust and Shared Goals in OrganizationalKnowledge Sharing. Information & Management,45, 458–65.Cohen,W.M. and Levinthal, D.A. (1990) AbsorptiveCapacity: A New Perspective on Learning andInnovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35,128–52.Currie, G., Waring, J. and Finn, R. (2008) The Limitsof Knowledge Management for Public ServicesModernization: The Case of Patient Safety &Service Quality. Public Administration, 86, 363–85.Daft, R. (2001) Organization Theory and Design.South-Western Publishing, Cincinnati, PA.Davenport, T.H. and Prusak, L. (1998) WorkingKnowledge: How Organizations Manage What TheyKnow. Harvard Business School Press, Boston,MA.De Jong, J.P. and den Hartog, D. (2007) HowLeaders Influence Employees’ Innovative Behav-iour. European Journal of Innovation Management,10, 41–64.De Jong, J.P. and den Hartog, D. (2010) MeasuringInnovativeWork Behaviour. Creativity and Innova-tion Management, 19, 23–36.
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