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摘要以棕榈壳为原料，采用二氧化碳活化法制备活性炭，不仅能够合理利用农业副产物，节约资源，而且可以产生经济价值，有很好的市场前景。分别考察了炭化温度、活化时间、活化温度对活性炭、收率、比表面积以及碘吸附等性能的影响。研究表明：炭化温度的高低决定着炭化料的收率、灰分和挥发分，再一步影响着活化效果，随炭化温度的升高，活性炭的收率逐渐升高、比表面积和碘吸附值都先增大后减小，550℃是拐点；随活化时间延长，收率下降，2.5h后急剧下降，碘吸附值不断增大；随活化温度升高，收率下降，碘吸附值不断增大。实验最佳条件为：最佳炭化温度在500℃~550℃，活化温度应在850℃~900℃之间，活化时间为2h。49698
毕业论文关键词：棕榈壳；活性炭；炭化；活化；二氧化碳
Preparation and Properties palm shell charcoal
Abstract: Palm shells as raw material, Preparation of Activated Carbon dioxide, not only to the rational use of agricultural by-products, conserve resources, and can produce economic value, have good market prospects. They were investigated carbonization temperature, activation time, activation temperature on the performance of activated carbon, yield, specific surface area and iodine adsorption and the like. Studies have shown that: carbonization temperature determines the level of carbonized material yield, ash and volatile matter, then step affects the activation effect, with the carbonization temperature, gradually increased the yield of activated carbon, the specific surface area and iodine adsorption values are first after increases and then decreases, 550 ℃ is the turning point; with prolonged activation, yield decreased sharply after 2.5h, iodine adsorption value increasing; with the activation temperature, the yield decreased iodine adsorption increasing. Optimal experimental conditions: optimum temperature carbonization at 500 ℃ ~ 550 ℃, activation temperature should be between 850 ℃ ~ 900 ℃, activation time was 2h.
Key words：Palm shell;Activated Carbon;activation;Carbonize；carbon dioxide
目录
1绪论 1
1.1 活性炭概述 1
1.2 国内外活性炭发展状况 1
1.2.1 国外活性炭发展现状 1
1.2.2 国内活性炭发展现状 2
1.3 活性炭的特性 3
1.3.1 化学组成 3
1.3.2 表面特性 3
1.3.3 吸附特性 4
1.3.4 催化性质 4
1.4 活性炭的制备方法 4
1.4.1 物理活化法 5
1.4.2 化学活化法 5
1.4.3 物理化学活化法 6
1.5 活性炭的表征方法 6
1.5.1 比表面积及孔径分布的表征 6
1.5.2 孔隙结构的表征 6
1.5.3 微晶结构的表征 6
1.5.4 表面化学结构的表征 6
1.6 活性炭的应用 6
1.6.1 工业应用 7
1.6.2 民间应用